Causes of terrorism

Question 1

There are 3 categories of factors that cause terrorism, these are …

Answer 1

Social
Economic
Political

Question 2

Religion is a cause of terrorism?

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What is a dictatorship?

Answer 3

An oppressive form of govt that makes decisions on behalf of its citizens that are often unfair.

Question 4

In countries that suffer from dictatorships and human rights violations, groups of citizens known as rebels may resort to acts of terrorism to try and bring about change?

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What is an example of terrorist activities due to human rights violations?

Answer 5

The civil war in Syria

Question 6

Explain how the civil war in Syria is a result of rebel terrorist organisations trying to bring about change.

Answer 6

Widespread discontent with President Assad and his oppressive govt, escalated to mass violence.

Question 7

Pro Russian rebels in Ukraine is a result of ?

Answer 7

Russia supplying rebel terrorist organisations within Crimea with weapons to fight against the Ukrainian Army.

Question 8

When a view of independence and personal autonomy for individual countries is radicalised this is known as …

Answer 8

Nationalism

Question 9

Extreme Nationalists believe in what?

Answer 9

The superiority of their own common culture, heritage and language

Question 10

Nationalists are also referred to as …

Answer 10

Separatists

Question 11

What is an example of nationalist terrorist activities in the UK?

Answer 11

Irish Republican Army (IRA)

Question 12

What attack did the IRA take responsibility for in 2019?

Answer 12

Fitting a bomb under the care of a police officer at a golf club in East Belfast.

Question 13

What is known as the action of harming an individual or a group because they harmed you or something that you care about?

Answer 13

Political retaliation and/or revenge.

Question 14

Islamic religious extremists have conducted many terrorist attacks in recent years in retaliation to Western foreign policy and their involvement in the middle east?

Answer 14

True - particularly in retaliation the involvement in Iraq, Afghanistan and Syria.

Question 15

Explain the 2015 November Paris attacks.

Answer 15

9 Islamic State extremists detonated 3 suicide bombs and committed mass shootings resulting in the death of 130 individuals.

Question 16

Why was the 2015 November Paris attacks carried out?

Answer 16

In retaliation to the US led military coalition airstrikes.

Question 17

Some religious extremists believe in martyrdom, what is this?

Answer 17

When individuals will be rewarded in the after life for carrying out their duties.

Question 18

What 2017 attack in the UK did ISIS take responsibility for?

Answer 18

The Manchester Arena attack.

Question 19

Terrorist organisations have been likened to cults, one wat that individuals are intimidated into joining these organisations is through …

Answer 19

Peer Pressure

Question 20

A report for International Centre for the study of radicalisation and Political Science found that peer pressure was the leading factor when recruiting …

Answer 20

Young British Muslims to fight in Syria. Often done through propaganda videos.

Question 21

What is radicalisation?

Answer 21

A process where a person or group increasingly adopts extreme political, social or religious views or ideas. These individuals and groups are often angry with society.

Question 22

Quilliam - a counter extremism think tank found what …

Answer 22

Women who travelled to Syria to marry ISIS fighters are using social media platforms to radicalise and shame men into travelling to Syria to fight.

Question 23

Ideological terrorism refers to small groups in society who use terrorism as a tool to impose their political and sociological ideals on the wider communitiy?

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What kinds of issues to some of the most extreme ideological terrorist organisations focus on?

Answer 24

Racism, the environment and animal rights.

Question 25

What are two examples of groups active in the USA who commit terrorism as a result of their ideological beliefs?

Answer 25

Animal Liberation Front (ALF) and Earth Liberation Front (ELF)

Question 26

ALF extremists were widely criticised for what?

Answer 26

Sending packages contaminated with the HIV/AIDS virus to intimidate scientists from UCLA to not carry out testing on animals.

Question 27

How can poverty and deprivation cause terrorism?

Answer 27

citizens can become discontent with substandard living conditions as they have grown up in societies plagued by turmoil with a lack of education, prospects and employment.

Question 28

This can be seen in ___________ ___________ where poverty and deprivation has made individuals vulnerable to the arguments and promises made by terrorist militant groups such as Boko Haram and al-Shabaab.

Answer 28

Northern Africa

Question 29

Explain how terrorism can be linked to piracy?

Answer 29

the issue of piracy which is a major problem especially off the north east coast of Africa. Many poor people in Somalia are forced or persuaded to hi-jack ships and to take hostages by local gangs. There can be more money in it than there is in fishing.

Question 30

This overlaps with political causes as the government of a country suffering from terrorist activity within its borders is more likely to be corrupt and/or guilty of embezzling state funds causing high levels of deprivation. This means that the country will not be able to operate a functioning welfare state to support its citizens and often cannot support a successful economy, failing to create jobs and opportunities for its people. What is this cause?

Answer 30

Corrupt government

Question 31

Where can a corrupt government be exemplified?

Answer 31

This is illustrated in Syria, where the lack of a legitimate government has led to a weak economy and welfare state meaning that young men in particular are susceptible to being recruited by the religious extremist group ISIS

Question 32

Al-Shabab took responsibility for what terrorist attack in Kenya in 2016?

Answer 32

The attack on a Kenyan Military base which killed 180.

Question 33

Research into motives for individuals to join al-Shabab found that …

Answer 33

27% joined for economic reasons
15% joined for religious
13% were forced

Question 34

Anders Bering Breivik committed the 2011 Norway attacks but why?

Answer 34

Nationalism - he declared himself ‘a knight crusading to stem the tide of Muslim immigration to Europe’

Question 35

Describe the 2011 Norway attack

Answer 35

Bomb placed outside Oslo Govt district - 8 died and 209 injured.
Mass shooting at labour youth camp - 69 dead.

Question 36

Boko Haram oppose what ?

Answer 36

Western Education

Question 37

In February 2018, how many schoolgirls did Boko Haram kidnap and demand ransom for

Answer 37

111

Question 38

Demanding ransom for terrorist activities is motivated by

Answer 38

Financial benefits

Question 39

Describe the Manchester Arena attack

Answer 39

22nd May 2017
Suicide bomber - Salam Abedi
ISIS claimed responsibility
22 dead and over 800 injured

Question 40

Dylan Roof committed terrorism as a result of discrimination. What kind?

Answer 40

White Supremacy

Question 41

Dylan Roof opened fire on a bible study class killing 9 in the Charleston church attack as a result of racial hatred?

Answer 41

True

Question 42

What is the name of the nationalist group that operate in Spain?

Answer 42

ETA, Basque separatist organization in Spain that used terrorism in its campaign for an independent Basque state.

Question 43

What terrorist attack took place in March 2024 killing at least 129 people?

Answer 43

Moscow, Russia at a Concert Hall

Question 44

Who took responsibility for the Moscow attack in March 2024?

Answer 44

ISIS- claiming it was retaliation for Russia’s military involvement in Muslim countries such as Syria