Causes Of Infection Flashcards
What is the composition of a virus?
Capsid and genes (as DNA or RNA)
Some viruses may also have a lipid envelope derived from the host cell.
What color does a Gram-negative stain appear?
Pink
In contrast, Gram-positive stains appear purple.
What is the correct format for naming a species?
Genus species (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus)
Abbreviations include Staph aureus or S. aureus, and names should always be italicized.
What are the two general classes of human parasites?
- Unicellular organisms (Protozoa)
- Worms (Helminths)
What is the function of the cyst form in Giardia?
Aids survival and spread
Giardia lamblia causes bloody diarrhea and is caught from drinking infected water.
Which malarial parasite is the most severe?
Falciparum
There are four different types of malarial parasites.
What are the three types of helminths?
- Cestodes (tapeworms)
- Trematodes (flukes)
- Nematodes (round worms)
What is schistosomiasis?
A disease caused by blood flukes (Schistosoma)
It is the second most socioeconomically devastating parasitic disease after malaria.
What is the primary cause of CJD?
Transmitted through contaminated human growth hormone, surgical instruments, and corneal grafts
What is the elemental composition of E. coli?
- Carbon: 50% of dry weight
- Oxygen: 20%
- Nitrogen: 14%
- Hydrogen: 8%
- Phosphorous: 3%
- Sulphur: 1%
- Potassium: 1%
What are thermophiles?
Microbes that thrive at high temperatures
They produce the orange color of the Grand Prismatic Spring in Yellowstone National Park.
What is the role of normal defense mechanisms in disease?
A disruption of homeostasis
Disease results not only from infection but also from the breakdown of these mechanisms.
Fill in the blank: The _____ form of fungi can switch between types.
Diamorphic
What are ectoparasites?
Parasites that live outside the body
Examples include fleas and ticks.
What are endoparasites?
Parasites that live inside the body
Examples include worms.
