Causes of haemoptysis

Question 1

What is haemoptysis and when isnt it haemoptysis?

Answer 1

Blood from the respiratory tract below the larynx.

It isnt haemoptysis if it comes from GI tract or ENT source

Question 2

What are some common causes of clots/streaks

Answer 2

Bronchitis

Heart Failure

P.E

Anticoagtherapy

Brochiectasis

Lung Cancer

TB

Vasuculitis

Question 3

What are two airway disease causes of haemoptysis?

Answer 3

bronchitis

bronchiectasis

Question 4

What are some AI causes of haemoptysis?

Answer 4

SLE

Vasculitis

Sarcoidosis

Question 5

What are some infections causes of haemoptysis?

Answer 5

TB

Pneumonia

Varicella

Question 6

What are the principles of managing haemoptysis?

Answer 6

Intubate

O2

Venous access

Treat underlying cause

Question 7

What are the first line investigations?

Answer 7

CXR

ABG

Sputum

Bronchoscopy

Question 8

What are some causes of consolidation?

Answer 8

Pus

Blood

Tumour

Water

Question 9

What is atelectasis

Answer 9

Collapse of lung and absent gas exchange

CXR of right lung collapse

Question 10

What is the management of massive haemoptysis?

Answer 10

Maintain BP

Airway protection

IV access

Reverse coagulopathy

Adrenaline 3ml 1:1000

Tranxemic acid

Manage bleeding side down