Causes Of Civil War (NOT ON THE TEST)

Question 1

Missouri Compromise (3 parts)

Answer 1

• Maine is free state
• Missouri is slave state
• slavery is not allowed north of the 36,30’ in the Louisiana territory
• made by Henry Clay

Question 2

Compromise of 1850 (4 parts)

Answer 2

• California is free state
• Utah and New Mexico are slave states
• slave trade (not slavery) is banned in the Capital
• fugitive slave act is passed
• proposed by Henry Clay

Question 3

Ostend Manifesto (key term)

Answer 3

A message sent to the Secretary of State by 3 American diplomats. Frank Pierce (president) had been trying to acquire Cuba from Spain with money. The letter basically told the government to use force if Spain wouldn’t sell Cuba

Question 4

Kansas-Nebraska act (key term)

Answer 4

Created two new territories, Nebraska and Kansas. The Missouri compromise permits would be abolished. Stephen Douglass (creator of Bill) called this popular sovereignty. Also in this bill, Douglass wanted to make a huge railroad to increase trade within the states. This bill was passed in 1854

Question 5

The “Gag Rule” (2 facts)

Answer 5

• petitions in the 1830’s (congress had power to interfere with slavery
• congress outlawed all antislavery petitions in 1836 (prevented consideration of John Quincy Adam’s proposal)

Question 6

Fugitive slave act (key term)

Answer 6

Stated that when a slave escaped, they had almost no legal rights. Anyone that helped a slave, or refused to help clave catchers would be jailed. The North didn’t want to enforce this law and the South thought that the law wasn’t sufficient

Question 7

Uncle Tom’s Cabin (key term)

Answer 7

Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe . Uncle Tom was terrorized by his master, Simon Legree. This book opened many northerner’s eyes to the horrors of slavery

Question 8

Bleeding Kansas (key term)

Answer 8

After the Kansas-Nebraska act was passed, settlers went to Kansas. Some wanted to support slavery, while others wanted to abolish it. The struggle turned violent, and armed invaders (border ruffians) took Lawrence, Kansas. Anti-slavery settlers (free spoilers) don’t like this. John Brown then took. His revenge by killing 5 men with swords

Question 9

Bleeding Congress (key term)

Answer 9

Violence disturbed Senator Charles Sumner. He accused Stephen Douglas of plotting with the South to make Kansas a slave state. This speech (The Crime Against Kansas) made Andrew Butler look really bad. Preston Brooks attacked Sumner with a cane in Senate, and southerners praised him. This lead to increased tensions between the north and the south

Question 10

Dred Scott case (overview)

Answer 10

Overview:
A Missouri slave named Dred Scott traveled with owner to a free state, and claimed to then be free. The case went all the way to the Supreme Court. The Chief Justice was Roger Taney, and there were 5 judges from the south and 4 from the north.

Question 11

Dred Scott case (questions from Chief Justice)

Answer 11

The Chief Justice had 4 questions:

• was Dred Scott a citizen of Wisconsin?
• did his time in Wisconsin make him free?
• did Congress have power to make slavery laws in the territories?
• was the Missouri (MO)compromise unconstitutional?

Question 12

Dred Scott case (decisions)

Answer 12

Decisions:

• Scott couldn’t sue because he was property, not a citizen
• no African-American could ever become a citizen

Question 13

John Brown’s raid

• why was the world insane?
• what did he do to show he hated slavery?
• what was his target and why?
• what did he do?

Answer 13

• he thought the world was insane because slavery was a legal point of discussion
• he lead an attack on Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas. He also talked with abolitionists in Boston who gave him $10,000. He also used Kansas a a base to steal horses and slaves
• Harper’s Ferry was his target because it had a federal Arsenal, an armory, and a rifle works. It was also a slave state
• they attacked, cut telephone lines, and stopped the train. They were stopped by marine forces by eventually letting the train go

Question 14

Lincoln-Douglass debates

Answer 14

Lincoln (Republican) challenges Douglass (Democrat) to many debates about slavery
-Lincoln thought slavery was immoral, and Douglass believed in popular sovereignty. Lincoln loses Senate seat, but becomes a household name

Question 15

Election of 1860

Answer 15

Lincoln won this election by a very wide margin. There was a lot of mudslinging, and Lincoln’s name wasn’t even on the ballot in the south! The candidates were Lincoln, Bell, Douglass, and Breckinridge

Question 16

Mapping (REMEMBER TO LOOK AT MAP OF SLAVE/FREE STATES SO YOU KNOW WHAT IS FREE AND SLAVE

Answer 16

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Question 17

Secession (Confederate States of America)

Answer 17

The CSA was formed after Lincoln won the election, and was made up of SC, GA, FL, AL, MS, TX, LA, VA, AK, NC, and TN. Jefferson Davis was the first president

Question 18

Attack on Fort Sumner

Answer 18

Commanded by Major Robert Anderson (Union). His fort is attacked by his own student at West Point, and the fort was undermanned. The fort was surrendered to the south after 33 hours of fighting

Question 19

Northwest Ordinance of 1787 (4 facts)

Answer 19

• a law that outlined steps leading to statehood
• slavery was banned north of Ohio River
• Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois were free states
• Kentucky, Tennessee, Louisiana, and Mississippi were slave states