Causes Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of Sinus Tachycardia

A
Anaemia
Sepsis
Heart Failure
Pulmonary Embolism
Pregnancy
Thyrotoxicosis 
CO2 retention
Autonomic Neuropathy
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2
Q

Causes of Sinus Bradycardia

A
Physical fitness
Vasovagal attacks
Sick Sinus Syndrome
Acute MI
Hypothyroidism
Increased ICP
Cholestasis
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3
Q

Drugs Causing Sinus Bradycardia

A

B-blockers
Digoxin
Amiodarone
Verapamil

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4
Q

Causes of Atrial Fibrillation

A

Ischaemic Heart Disease
Thyrotoxicosis
Hypertension

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5
Q

Causes of 1st & 2nd degree Heart Block

A
Normal varient
Athletes
Sick Sinus Syndrome
IHD
Acute Carditis
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6
Q

Causes of 3rd Degree Heart Block

A
Idiopathic
Congenital
IHD
Aortic Valve Calcification
Cardiac Surgery / Trauma
Digoxin Toxicity
Infiltration
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7
Q

Q waves

A

Infarction

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8
Q

ST - elevation

A
Normal Variant
Acute MI
Prinzmetal's Angina
Acute Pericarditis (saddle)
Left ventricular aneurysm
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9
Q

ST - depression

A
Normal Variant
Digoxin (down-ward sloping)
Ischaemic (horizontal)
Angina
Acute Posterior MI
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10
Q

T wave inversion in V1-V3

A

Normal (Blacks and Children)
RBBB
Pulmonary Embolism

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11
Q

T wave inversion in V2 -V5

A

Subencardial MI
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
HCM
Lithium

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12
Q

T wave inversion in V4 -V6

A

Ischaemia
LVH
Assoc. with LBBB

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13
Q

Cause of Angina Pectoris

A
Myocardial Ischaemia = 
Atheroma
Anaemia
AS
Tachyarrythmias
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14
Q

Arryhythmias - Cardiac Causes

A
MI & CAD
LV aneurysm
Mitral valve disease
Cardiomyopathy
Pericarditis
Myocarditis
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15
Q

Arrhythmias - Non- Cardiac Causes

A

Caffeine
Smoking
Alcohol
Pneumonia

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16
Q

Arrhythmias - Drug Causes

A
B2- agonists
Digoxin
L-dopa
Tricyclics
Doxorubicin
17
Q

Arrythmias - Metabolic Imbalance Causes

A

K+
Ca+
Mg+
Thyroid Disease

18
Q

Rheumatic Fever Causes

A

Pharyngeal Infection with Group A B - haemolytic streptococci