Cause & Effect

Question 1

Causal indicators

Answer 1

caused by
because of
responsible for
reason for
leads to
induced by
promoted by
determined by
produced by
product of
played a role in
was a factor in
is an effect of
as proof of

Question 2

When identifying whether a causal flaw was made in an argument, you are to….

Answer 2

identify where in the argument the causal assertion is made.

• If the causal statement is the conclusion, then the reasoning is flawed.
• If the causal statement is the premise, then the argument may be flawed, but not because of the causal statement

Also,look out for causal indicators