Catalase Pos. GPC- Staphylococcus

Question 1

Micrococcus form in (BLANK) and produce a (BLANK) which act as an anti oxidant

Answer 1

Tetrads, carotenoids

Question 2

Micrococcus are (BLANK) pathogens that (BLANK) cause disease

Answer 2

Opportunistic, seldom

Question 3

Staphylococcus form in (BLANK) and prefer (BLANK) environments such as the skin

Answer 3

Clusters, salt/oily

Question 4

The 3 most frequently isolated species of Staphylococcus are…

Answer 4

S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus

Question 5

What best describe the oxygen requirement of Staphylococcus

Answer 5

Facultative anaerobes

Question 6

What is a distinguishing characteristic of S. aureus

Answer 6

the presence of coagulase

Question 7

Production of (BLANK) makes hospital acquired S. aureus resistant to antibiotics

Answer 7

beta lactamases

Question 8

MRSA contains the (BLANK) gene causing antibiotic resistance

Answer 8

PBP2a mecA

Question 9

What antibiotic is used to treat MRSA

Answer 9

Vancomycin

Question 10

What causes vancomycin resistant S. aureus

Answer 10

Streptogramins and linezolids

Question 11

3 examples of localized S. aureus include…

Answer 11

Impetigo, folliculitis, and Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)

Question 12

3 examples of systemic S. aureus include…

Answer 12

Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS), bacteremia, and food poisoning (enterotoxins)

Question 13

S. aureus can cause (BLANK) UTIs that are usually (BLANK)

Answer 13

Descending, hematogenous (originating from the blood)

Question 14

(BLANK) is the only virulence factor found is S. epidermidis

Answer 14

Lipase

Question 15

The pus produced by S. aureus is due to which virulence factor

Answer 15

Leukocidins

Question 16

S. aureus food poising is due to which virulence factor

Answer 16

Enterotoxins

Question 17

Caused by exfoliative A-B toxins in S. aureus

Answer 17

SSSS

Question 18

Caused by toxic shock syndrome toxin in S. aureus

Answer 18

STSS

Question 19

MSCRAMMS are anchored in the cell wall via (BLANK)

Answer 19

Sortases

Question 20

Bound coagulase is considered a (BLANK)

Answer 20

MSCRAMM

Question 21

(BLANK) are cysteine transpeptidases that catalyze the attachment of protein A

Answer 21

Sortases

Question 22

Protein A and MSCRAMMs are attached to (BLANK) in the cell wall

Answer 22

Peptidoglycan

Question 23

Sortases recognize (BLANK)

Answer 23

CWSS

Question 24

(BLANK) enhance biofilm formation

Answer 24

Polysaccharide Intercellular Adhesins (PIAs)

Question 25

SSLs, CHIPS, Eap, and staphopain block (BLANK)

Answer 25

Neutrophil Chemotaxis

Question 26

Eap binds host (BLANK) protein

Answer 26

ICAM-1

Question 27

Name 2 ways S. aureus survise neutrophil attack

Answer 27

Inhibit nitric oxide, inhibit ROS

Question 28

Name 3 virulence factors of S. aureus that allow it to inhibit ROS

Answer 28

Super Oxide Dismutase, Catalase, Staphyloxanthin (caratenoid)

Question 29

Name 2 virulence factors that allow S. aureus to block neutrophile attack

Answer 29

Creating adenosine molecules, Adenosine synthase A

Question 30

What are the two primary methods of blocking complement

Answer 30

binding Ig, blocking C3

Question 31

SpA, Sbi, SSLs, SCIN, and Aur block (BLANK)

Answer 31

Complement

Question 32

Phenol soluble Modulins

Answer 32

Surfactant like peptides that destroy neutrophiles and monocytes

Question 33

Exfoliated exotoxins consist of how many proteases

Answer 33

3 proteases (ETA, ETB, ETD)

Question 34

Surface proteins are made continually in blank phase

Answer 34

Exponential growth

Question 35

Secreted proteins like toxins are made in the blank phase

Answer 35

Stationary

Question 36

S. Aureus uses quorum sensing to regulate expression of blank, blank, and blank needed for biofilm formation

Answer 36

Agr operon, Virulence factors, and surface proteins

Question 37

How does Staphylococcus aureus adapt so rapidly to host selective pressures

Answer 37

Mobile genetic elements

Question 38

What six types of genetic material are considered mobile genetic elements

Answer 38

Plasmids, phage, transposon's, chromosomes, cassettes, pathogenic islands

Question 39

Staphylococcus aureus UTIs are resistant to…

Answer 39

Antibiotic novobiocin

Question 40

Staphylococcus aureus can be identified from other staph bacteria by which test

Answer 40

Coagulase, it's coagulase positive

Question 41

Staphylococcus epidermidis is blank hemolytic

Answer 41

Nonhemolytic, Gamma hemolysis

Question 42

Which Staphylococcus is sensitive to antibiotic novobiocin

Answer 42

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Question 43

USA 300 strain community acquired MRSA genetic element SCCMac IV increases expression of blank and blank

Answer 43

Alpha toxin, PSMs

Question 44

Community acquired MRSA strains contain blank

Answer 44

PVLs

Question 45

Community acquired to MRSA contain blankgenetic elements with the blank horizontal gene transfer

Answer 45

Small, high

Question 46

Hospital acquired MRSA contain blank genetic elements and blank horizontal gene transfer

Answer 46

Large, low

Question 47

Blank usually protects against mobile genetic elements but is not present in Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 47

CRISPR/Cas