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Clinical Micro > Catalase Pos. GPC- Staphylococcus > Flashcards

Catalase Pos. GPC- Staphylococcus Flashcards

1
Q

Micrococcus form in (BLANK) and produce a (BLANK) which act as an anti oxidant

A

Tetrads, carotenoids

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2
Q

Micrococcus are (BLANK) pathogens that (BLANK) cause disease

A

Opportunistic, seldom

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3
Q

Staphylococcus form in (BLANK) and prefer (BLANK) environments such as the skin

A

Clusters, salt/oily

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4
Q

The 3 most frequently isolated species of Staphylococcus are…

A

S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus

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5
Q

What best describe the oxygen requirement of Staphylococcus

A

Facultative anaerobes

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6
Q

What is a distinguishing characteristic of S. aureus

A

the presence of coagulase

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7
Q

Production of (BLANK) makes hospital acquired S. aureus resistant to antibiotics

A

beta lactamases

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8
Q

MRSA contains the (BLANK) gene causing antibiotic resistance

A

PBP2a mecA

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9
Q

What antibiotic is used to treat MRSA

A

Vancomycin

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10
Q

What causes vancomycin resistant S. aureus

A

Streptogramins and linezolids

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11
Q

3 examples of localized S. aureus include…

A

Impetigo, folliculitis, and Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)

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12
Q

3 examples of systemic S. aureus include…

A

Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS), bacteremia, and food poisoning (enterotoxins)

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13
Q

S. aureus can cause (BLANK) UTIs that are usually (BLANK)

A

Descending, hematogenous (originating from the blood)

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14
Q

(BLANK) is the only virulence factor found is S. epidermidis

A

Lipase

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15
Q

The pus produced by S. aureus is due to which virulence factor

A

Leukocidins

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16
Q

S. aureus food poising is due to which virulence factor

A

Enterotoxins

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17
Q

Caused by exfoliative A-B toxins in S. aureus

A

SSSS

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18
Q

Caused by toxic shock syndrome toxin in S. aureus

A

STSS

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19
Q

MSCRAMMS are anchored in the cell wall via (BLANK)

A

Sortases

20
Q

Bound coagulase is considered a (BLANK)

A

MSCRAMM

21
Q

(BLANK) are cysteine transpeptidases that catalyze the attachment of protein A

A

Sortases

22
Q

Protein A and MSCRAMMs are attached to (BLANK) in the cell wall

A

Peptidoglycan

23
Q

Sortases recognize (BLANK)

A

CWSS

24
Q

(BLANK) enhance biofilm formation

A

Polysaccharide Intercellular Adhesins (PIAs)

25
Q

SSLs, CHIPS, Eap, and staphopain block (BLANK)

A

Neutrophil Chemotaxis

26
Q

Eap binds host (BLANK) protein

A

ICAM-1

27
Q

Name 2 ways S. aureus survise neutrophil attack

A

Inhibit nitric oxide, inhibit ROS

28
Q

Name 3 virulence factors of S. aureus that allow it to inhibit ROS

A

Super Oxide Dismutase, Catalase, Staphyloxanthin (caratenoid)

29
Q

Name 2 virulence factors that allow S. aureus to block neutrophile attack

A

Creating adenosine molecules, Adenosine synthase A

30
Q

What are the two primary methods of blocking complement

A

binding Ig, blocking C3

31
Q

SpA, Sbi, SSLs, SCIN, and Aur block (BLANK)

A

Complement

32
Q

Phenol soluble Modulins

A

Surfactant like peptides that destroy neutrophiles and monocytes

33
Q

Exfoliated exotoxins consist of how many proteases

A

3 proteases (ETA, ETB, ETD)

34
Q

Surface proteins are made continually in blank phase

A

Exponential growth

35
Q

Secreted proteins like toxins are made in the blank phase

A

Stationary

36
Q

S. Aureus uses quorum sensing to regulate expression of blank, blank, and blank needed for biofilm formation

A

Agr operon, Virulence factors, and surface proteins

37
Q

How does Staphylococcus aureus adapt so rapidly to host selective pressures

A

Mobile genetic elements

38
Q

What six types of genetic material are considered mobile genetic elements

A

Plasmids, phage, transposon’s, chromosomes, cassettes, pathogenic islands

39
Q

Staphylococcus aureus UTIs are resistant to…

A

Antibiotic novobiocin

40
Q

Staphylococcus aureus can be identified from other staph bacteria by which test

A

Coagulase, it’s coagulase positive

41
Q

Staphylococcus epidermidis is blank hemolytic

A

Nonhemolytic, Gamma hemolysis

42
Q

Which Staphylococcus is sensitive to antibiotic novobiocin

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

43
Q

USA 300 strain community acquired MRSA genetic element SCCMac IV increases expression of blank and blank

A

Alpha toxin, PSMs

44
Q

Community acquired MRSA strains contain blank

A

PVLs

45
Q

Community acquired to MRSA contain blankgenetic elements with the blank horizontal gene transfer

A

Small, high

46
Q

Hospital acquired MRSA contain blank genetic elements and blank horizontal gene transfer

A

Large, low

47
Q

Blank usually protects against mobile genetic elements but is not present in Staphylococcus aureus

A

CRISPR/Cas

Clinical Micro (4 decks)

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