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Biochem II Semi-final pool > Catabolism of amino acids N's (& proteins N's) & C's > Flashcards

Catabolism of amino acids N's (& proteins N's) & C's Flashcards

1
Q

What is the type of the reaction indicated by A?

  1. reductive amination
  2. oxidative deamination
  3. transamination
  4. transdeamination
  5. dehydrogenation
A

answer:

  1. transamination.
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2
Q

What is the type of the reaction indicated by B?

  1. reductive amination
  2. oxidative deamination
  3. transamination
  4. transdeamination
  5. reductive deamination
A

answer:

  1. Oxidative deamination
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3
Q

Identify compound A in the following pathway!

  1. glutamate
  2. glutamine
  3. α-ketoglutarate
  4. aspartate
  5. alanine
A

answer:

  1. α-ketoglutarate
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4
Q

Identify compound B in the following pathway!

  1. glutamate
  2. glutamine
  3. α-ketoglutarate
  4. aspartate
  5. alanine
A

answer:

  1. glutamate
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5
Q

Identify cofactor B in the following reaction!

  1. NAD(P)H + H+
  2. FAD
  3. NAD(P)+
  4. ADP
  5. ATP
A

answer:

  1. NAD(P)H + H+
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6
Q

Identify substrates A and B in the following reaction!

  1. A: glutamine, B: glutamate
  2. A: glutamate, B: α-ketoglutarate
  3. A: α-ketoglutarate, B: glutamate
  4. A: glutamate, B: glutamine
  5. A: α-ketoglutarate, B: glutamine
A

answer:

  1. A: glutamate, B: α-ketoglutarate
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7
Q

Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction shown below?

  1. glutaminase
  2. asparaginase
  3. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
  4. glutamine synthase
  5. glutamate dehydrogenase
A

answer:

  1. glutamine synthase
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8
Q

Identify substrate A and product B in the following reaction!

  1. A: glutamate, B: glutamine
  2. A: α-ketoglutarate, B: glutamate
  3. A: aspartate, B: asparagine
  4. A: oxaloacetate, B: aspartate
  5. A: α-ketoglutarate, B: glutamine
A

answer:

  1. A: glutamate, B: glutamine
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9
Q

Identify compound A in the following reaction!

  1. alanine
  2. aspartate
  3. pyruvate
  4. asparagine
  5. NH4+
A

answer:

  1. NH4+
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10
Q

Identify cofactor A in the following reaction!

  1. ATP
  2. NADH + H+
  3. NADPH + H+
  4. NAD+
  5. tetrahydrobiopterin
A

answer:

  1. ATP

*** the correct answer is actually Mg-ATP ***

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11
Q

Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction shown below?

  1. glutaminase
  2. asparaginase
  3. glutamate dehydrogenase
  4. aspartate aminotransferase
  5. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
A

answer:

  1. Glutaminase
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12
Q

Identify substrate A and product B in the following reaction!

  1. A: glutamine, B: glutamate
  2. A: glutamine, B: α-ketoglutarate
  3. A: glutamate, B: α-ketoglutarate
  4. A: asparagine, B: aspartate
  5. A: aspartate, B: oxaloacetate
A

answer:

  1. A: glutamine, B: glutamate
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13
Q

Identify compounds A and B in the following reaction!

  1. A: H2O, B: NH4+
  2. A: ATP, B: ADP
  3. A: pyruvate, B: alanine
  4. A: α-ketoglutarate, B: glutamate
  5. A: CO2, B: carbamoyl phosphate
A

answer:

  1. A: H2O, B: NH4+
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14
Q

Identify enzyme A in the pathway shown below!

  1. carbamoyl phosphate synthase I
  2. ornithine carbamoyl transferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase
  4. argininosuccinate synthase
  5. arginase
  6. argininosuccinate lyase
A

answer:

  1. carbamoyl phosphate synthase I
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15
Q

Identify enzyme B in the pathway shown below!

  1. carbamoyl phosphate synthase I
  2. ornithine carbamoyl transferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase
  4. argininosuccinate synthase
  5. arginase
  6. argininosuccinate lyase
A

answer:

  1. ornithine carbamoyl transferase
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16
Q

Identify enzyme C in the pathway shown below!

  1. carbamoyl phosphate synthase I
  2. ornithine carbamoyl transferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase
  4. argininosuccinate synthase
  5. arginase
  6. argininosuccinate lyase
A

answer:

  1. argininosuccinate synthase
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17
Q

Identify enzyme D in the pathway shown below!

  1. carbamoyl phosphate synthase I
  2. ornithine carbamoyl transferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase
  4. argininosuccinate synthase
  5. arginase
  6. argininosuccinate lyase
A

answer:

  1. argininosuccinate lyase
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18
Q

Identify enzyme E in the pathway shown below!

  1. carbamoyl phosphate synthase I
  2. ornithine carbamoyl transferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase
  4. argininosuccinate synthase
  5. arginase
  6. argininosuccinate lyase
A

answer:

  1. Arginase
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19
Q

Identify compound A in the pathway shown below!

  1. carbamoyl phosphate
  2. ornithine
  3. citrulline
  4. 3-phosphoglycerate
  5. phosphoenolpyruvate
A

answer:

  1. carbamoyl phosphate
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20
Q

Identify compound B in the pathway shown below!

  1. carbamoyl phosphate
  2. ornithine
  3. citrulline
  4. argininosuccinate
  5. arginine
  6. N-acetylglutamate
A

answer:

  1. Ornithine
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21
Q

Identify compound C in the pathway shown below!

  1. carbamoyl phosphate
  2. ornithine
  3. citrulline
  4. argininosuccinate
  5. arginine
  6. N-acetylglutamate
A

answer:

  1. Citrulline

*L-citrulline

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22
Q

Identify compound D in the pathway shown below!

  1. carbamoyl phosphate
  2. ornithine
  3. citrulline
  4. argininosuccinate
  5. arginine
  6. N-acetylglutamate
A

answer:

  1. argininosuccinate
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23
Q

Identify compound E in the pathway shown below!

  1. carbamoyl phosphate
  2. ornithine
  3. citrulline
  4. argininosuccinate
  5. arginine
  6. N-acetylglutamate
A

answer:

  1. arginine

*L-arginine

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24
Q

Identify compound A in the pathway shown below!

  1. aspartate
  2. fumarate
  3. succinate
  4. glutamate
  5. arginine
A

answer:

  1. Aspartate
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25
Q

Identify compound A in the pathway shown below!

  1. aspartate
  2. fumarate
  3. succinate
  4. citrulline
  5. oxaloacetate
A

answer:

  1. Fumarate
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26
Q

What is the allosteric activator of enzyme A?

  1. N-acetylglutamate
  2. carbamoyl phosphate
  3. glutamine
  4. ATP
  5. arginine
A

answer:

  1. N-acetylglutamate
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27
Q

Identify compounds A and B in the pathway shown below!

  1. A: ATP, B: ADP
  2. A: 2 ATP, B: 2 ADP
  3. A: ATP, B: AMP
  4. A: GTP, B: GDP
  5. A: GTP, B: GMP
A

answer:

  1. A: ATP, B: AMP

more accurate- A: Mg-ATP, B: Mg-AMP + PPi

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28
Q

What are the substrates indicated by A and B?

  1. CO2 and NH4+
  2. CO2 and glutamine
  3. CO2 and aspartate
  4. methyl-THF and NH4+
  5. methylene-THF and glutamine
A

answer:

  1. CO2 and NH4+
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29
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. What are indicated by A, B and C?

  1. A: acetoacetyl-CoA, B: acetyl-CoA, C: pyruvate
  2. A: acetyl-CoA, B: acetoacetyl-CoA, C: pyruvate
  3. A: propionyl-CoA, B: acetyl-CoA, C: acetoacetyl-CoA
  4. A: succinyl-CoA, B: propionyl-CoA, C: methyl-malonyl-CoA
  5. A: propionyl-CoA, B: succinyl-CoA, C: α-ketoglutarate
  6. A: propionyl-CoA, B: succinyl-CoA, C: methyl-malonyl-CoA
A

answer:

  1. A: acetoacetyl-CoA, B: acetyl-CoA, C: pyruvate
30
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. What are indicated by E and F?

  1. E: α-ketoglutarate , F: glutamate
  2. E: glutamate, F: α-ketoglutarate
  3. E: succinyl-CoA, F: propionyl-CoA
  4. E: succinyl-CoA, F: methylmalonyl-CoA
  5. E: oxaloacetate, F: fumarate
  6. E: oxaloacetate, F: pyruvate
A

answer:

1.E: α-ketoglutarate , F: glutamate

31
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. What is indicated by G?

  1. α-ketoglutarate
  2. succinyl-CoA
  3. fumarate
  4. oxaloacetate
  5. methylmalonyl-CoA
  6. citrate
A

answer:

  1. succinyl-CoA
32
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. What is indicated by H?

  1. α-ketoglutarate
  2. succinyl-CoA
  3. fumarate
  4. oxaloacetate
  5. methylmalonyl-CoA
  6. acetyl-CoA
A

answer:

  1. Fumarate
33
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. What is indicated by I?

  1. α-ketoglutarate
  2. succinyl-CoA
  3. fumarate
  4. oxaloacetate
  5. acetyl-CoA
  6. citrate
A

answer:

  1. oxaloacetate
34
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. Which amino acids belong to the group indicated by A?

  1. glutamine, arginine, proline
  2. tyrosine, phenylalanine
  3. asparagine, aspartate
  4. methionine, isoleucine, valine
  5. tryptophan, tyrosine, lysine
  6. alanine, cysteine, serine
A

answer:

  1. glutamine, arginine, proline
35
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. Which amino acids belong to the group indicated by B?

  1. glutamine, arginine, proline
  2. tyrosine, phenylalanine
  3. asparagine, aspartate
  4. methionine, isoleucine, valine
  5. tryptophan, tyrosine, lysine
  6. alanine, cysteine, serine
A

answer:

  1. methionine, isoleucine, valine
36
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. Which amino acids belong to the group indicated by D?

  1. glutamine, arginine, proline
  2. tyrosine, phenylalanine
  3. asparagine, aspartate
  4. methionine, isoleucine, valine
  5. tryptophan, tyrosine, lysine
A

answer:

  1. asparagine, aspartate
37
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. Which amino acids belong to the group indicated by G?

  1. glutamine, arginine, proline
  2. tyrosine, phenylalanine
  3. asparagine, aspartate
  4. methionine, isoleucine, valine
  5. tryptophan, tyrosine, lysine
  6. alanine, cysteine, serine
A

answer:

  1. alanine, cysteine, serine

(Ala, Cys, Gly, Hyp, Ser, Thr)

38
Q

The figure shows the main pathways of amino acid degradation. Which amino acids belong to the group indicated by E?

  1. leucine, lysine
  2. asparagine, aspartate
  3. glutamine, glutamate
  4. glycine, serine, alanine
  5. valine, methionine, isoleucine
A

answer:

  1. leucine, lysine

(Leu, Lys, Phe, Trp, Try)

39
Q

The degradation of the amino acid indicated by A can lead to the formation of succinyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA as well.

Which of the following is this amino acid?

  1. isoleucine
  2. leucine
  3. lysine
  4. tryptophan
  5. tyrosine
  6. phenilalanine
A

answer:

  1. Isoleucine (Ile)
40
Q

The degradation of the amino acid indicated by A can lead to the formation of fumarate and acetoacetyl-CoA as well.

Which of the following is this amino acid?

  1. isoleucine
  2. leucine
  3. lysine
  4. tryptophan
  5. threonine
  6. phenilalanine
A

answer:

  1. phenilalanine

*also Tyrosine

41
Q

Identify enzymes A, B, C and D in the reactions below!

  1. A: asparaginase, B: transaminase, C: glutaminase, D: transaminase
  2. A: transaminase, B: asparaginase, C: transaminase, D: glutaminase
  3. A: transaminase, B: glutaminase, C: transaminase, D: asparaginase
  4. A: glutaminase, B: transaminase, C: asparaginase, D: transaminase
  5. A: aspartate dehydrogenase, B: transaminase, C: glutamate dehydrogenase, D: transaminase
A

answer:

  1. A: asparaginase, B: transaminase, C: glutaminase, D: transaminase
42
Q

Identify compounds A, B and C in the reaction below!

  1. A: asparagine, B: aspartate, C: oxaloacetate
  2. A: glutamine, B: glutamate, C: α-ketoglutarate
  3. A: glutamate, B: α-ketoglutarate, C: oxaloacetate
  4. A: aspartate, B: oxaloacetate, C: fumarate
  5. A: aspartate, B: asparagine, C: α-ketoglutarate
A

answer:

  1. A: asparagine, B: aspartate, C: oxaloacetate
43
Q

Identify enzyme A in the reaction below!

  1. asparaginase
  2. glutaminase
  3. glutamate dehydrogenase
  4. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
  5. aspartate aminotransferase
A

answer:

  1. asparaginase
44
Q

Identify enzyme B in the reaction below!

  1. asparaginase
  2. glutaminase
  3. glutamate dehydrogenase
  4. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
  5. transaminase
A

answer:

  1. transaminase
45
Q

Identify compounds A and B in the reaction below!

  1. A: H2O, B: NH4+
  2. A: ATP, B: ADP
  3. A: pyruvate, B: alanine
  4. A: α-ketoglutarate, B: glutamate
  5. A: CO2, B: carbamoyl phosphate
A

answer:

  1. A: H2O, B: NH4+
46
Q

Which compound can be indicated by D in the following reaction?

  1. alanine
  2. pyruvate
  3. α-ketoglutarate
  4. NH4+
  5. NADH + H+
A

answer:

  1. alanine

(c is pyruvate)

47
Q

Identify compounds A, B and C in the reaction below!

  1. A: asparagine, B: aspartate, C: oxaloacetate
  2. A: glutamine, B: glutamate, C: α-ketoglutarate
  3. A: glutamate, B: α-ketoglutarate, C: oxaloacetate
  4. A: aspartate, B: oxaloacetate, C: fumarate
  5. A: aspartate, B: asparagine, C: α-ketoglutarate
A

answer:

  1. A: glutamine, B: glutamate, C: α-ketoglutarate
48
Q

Identify enzyme B in the reaction below!

  1. asparaginase
  2. glutaminase
  3. glutamate dehydrogenase
  4. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
  5. transaminase
A

answer:

  1. transaminase
49
Q

Which compund can be indicated by D in the following reaction?

  1. alanine
  2. pyruvate
  3. α-ketoglutarate
  4. NH4+
  5. NADH + H+
A

answer:

  1. alanine
50
Q

Which enzyme catalyzes the following reaction?

  1. cystine reductase
  2. cysteine dioxygenase
  3. cystathionine β-synthase
  4. cysteine transaminase
  5. cystine oxidase
A

answer:

  1. Cystine reductase
51
Q

Identify compounds A and B in the following reaction!

  1. A: cystine, B: cysteine
  2. A: homocysteine, B: cysteine
  3. A: cystathionine, B: cysteine
  4. A: cysteine, B: homocysteine
  5. A: cystathionine, B: cystine
  6. A: cysteine, B: cystine
A

answer:

  1. A: cystine, B: cysteine
52
Q

Identify cofactors A and B in the following reaction!

  1. A: NADH + H+, B: NAD+
  2. A: NADPH + H+, B: NADP+
  3. A: tetrahydriobiopterin, B: dihydrobiopterin
  4. A: NADP+, B: NADPH + H+
  5. A: NAD+, B: NADH + H+
  6. A: dihydrobiopterin, B: tetrahydriobiopterin
A

answer:

  1. A: NADH + H+, B: NAD+
53
Q

Which enzyme catalyzes the following reaction?

  1. methionine adenosyltransferase
  2. cystathionine β-synthase
  3. methionine synthase
  4. cystine reductase
A

answer:

  1. methionine adenosyltransferase
54
Q

Identify compounds A and B in the following reaction!

  1. A: methionine, B: S-adenosyl-methinonine
  2. A: methionine, B: S-adenosyl-homocysteine
  3. A: homocysteine, B:cystathionine
  4. A: methionine, B: cystathionine
  5. A: homocysteine, B: S-adenosyl-methionine
  6. A: homocysteine, B: S-adenosyl-homocysteine
A

answer:

  1. A: methionine, B: S-adenosyl-methinonine
55
Q

Identify compounds A and B in the following reaction!

  1. A: ATP, B: Pi + PPi
  2. A: ATP, B: AMP
  3. A: ATP, B:adenosine
  4. A: GTP, B: Pi + PPi
  5. A: GTP B: GMP
A

answer:

  1. A: ATP, B: Pi + PPi
56
Q

Which enzyme catalyzes the following reaction?

  1. cystathionine β-synthase
  2. methionine adenosyltransferase
  3. methionine synthase
  4. cystine reductase
  5. cysteine dioxygenase
A

answer:

  1. cystathionine β-synthase
57
Q

Identify compound A in the pathway below!

  1. methionine
  2. S-adenosyl-methionine
  3. S-adenosyl-homocysteine
  4. homocysteine
  5. cystathionine
  6. cysteine
A

answer:

  1. methionine
58
Q

Identify compound B in the pathway below!

  1. methionine
  2. S-adenosyl-methionine
  3. S-adenosyl-homocysteine
  4. homocysteine
  5. cystathionine
  6. cysteine
A

answer:

  1. S-adenosyl-methionine
59
Q

Identify compound C in the pathway below!

  1. methionine
  2. S-adenosyl-methionine
  3. S-adenosyl-homocysteine
  4. homocysteine
  5. cystathionine
  6. cysteine
A

answer:

  1. S-adenosyl-homocysteine
60
Q

Identify compound D in the pathway below!

  1. methionine
  2. S-adenosyl-methionine
  3. S-adenosyl-homocysteine
  4. homocysteine
  5. cystathionine
  6. cysteine
A

answer:

  1. homocysteine
61
Q

Identify compound E in the pathway below!

  1. serine
  2. glycine
  3. cysteine
  4. homocysteine
  5. propionyl-CoA
A

answer:

  1. serine
62
Q

Identify compound F in the pathway below!

  1. methionine
  2. S-adenosyl-methionine
  3. S-adenosyl-homocysteine
  4. homocysteine
  5. cystathionine
  6. cysteine
A

answer:

  1. cystathionine
63
Q

Identify compound G in the pathway below!

  1. methionine
  2. S-adenosyl-methionine
  3. S-adenosyl-homocysteine
  4. homocysteine
  5. serine
  6. cysteine
A

answer:

  1. cysteine
64
Q

Identify compound H in the pathway below!

  1. α-ketobutyrate
  2. propionate
  3. α-ketoglutarate
  4. oxaloacetate
  5. acetoacetate
A

answer:

  1. α-ketobutyrate
65
Q

Identify compound I in the pathway below!

  1. propionyl-CoA
  2. succinyl-CoA
  3. acetoacetyl-CoA
  4. butyryl-CoA
  5. glutaryl-CoA
A

answer:

  1. propionyl-CoA
66
Q

What is indicated by A and B in the pathway shown below?

  1. A: acceptor, B: CH3-acceptor
  2. A: NAD+, B: NADH + H+
  3. A: H2O, B: NH4+
  4. A: THF, B: methyl-THF
  5. A: THF, B: formyl-THF
A

answer:

  1. A: acceptor, B: CH3-acceptor
67
Q

What is indicated by D and E in the pathway shown below?

  1. D: H2O, E: adenosine
  2. D: NAD+, E: NADH + H+
  3. D: H2O, E: CO2
  4. D: THF, E: methyl-THF
  5. D: H2O, E: NH4+
A

answer:

  1. D: H2O, E: adenosine
68
Q

What is indicated by A and B in the pathway shown below?

  1. A: NAD+, B: NADH + H+
  2. A: NADP+, B: NADPH + H+
  3. A: ATP, B: ADP
  4. A: GTP, B: GDP
  5. A: tetrahydrobiopterin, B: dihydrobiopterin
A

answer:

  1. A: NAD+, B: NADH + H+
69
Q

The figure below shows the conversion of methionine to propionyl-CoA.

Which one of the following compounds is not an intermediate of the pathway?

  1. α-ketoglutarate
  2. S-adenosyl-methionine
  3. homocysteine
  4. cystathionine
  5. S-adenosyl-homocysteine
A

answer:

  1. α-ketoglutarate

(do no mix with α-ketobutyrate)

70
Q

Identify compound A in the pathway shown below!

  1. urea
  2. ornithine
  3. citrulline
  4. fumarate
  5. argininosuccinate
  6. arginine
A

answer:

  1. Urea

Biochem II Semi-final pool (7 decks)

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