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Anatomy > Cat Dissection Checkpoints 1-3: Location & Function > Flashcards

Cat Dissection Checkpoints 1-3: Location & Function Flashcards

1
Q

Location & Function

Masseter

A

Inferior and posterior to the eye, occupies much of the cheek area of the face

Elevation of the mandible

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2
Q

Location & Function

Mylohyoid

A

Small, thin muscle with fibers that extend trasversely across the two dentery bones of the mandible. Right and left mylohyoid are separated by a thin line of fascia (called the median raphe)

Elevates the floor of the mouth

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3
Q

Location & Function

Sternohyoid

A

Slender muscle extending along the midventral line of the neck

Retracts the hyoid bone

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4
Q

Location & Function

Cleidomastoid

A

Flat muscle located dorsolateral to the sternomastoid

Rotates the head when clavicle is held stationary and moves the clavicle cranially when the head is held stationary

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5
Q

Location & Function

Digastric

A

Thick muscle extending along the ventral border of the mandible

Depresses the mandible

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6
Q

Location & Function

Sternomastoid

A

V-shaped muscle on the ventral side of the neck

Simultaneous contraction results in flexing of the head, individual contraction rotates the head

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7
Q

Location & Function

Clavotrapezius

A

Flat, wide muscle. Covers much of the lateral aspect of the night.

Forward extension of the humerus

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8
Q

Location & Function

Clavobrachialis

A

Continuation of clavotrapezius into the forelimb (also called clavodeltoid)

Flexes the forearms, or antebrachium (no equivalent muscle in humans).

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9
Q

Location & Function

Spinodeltoid

A

Flat, band-shaped muscle ventral to the acromiotrapezius and levator scapulae ventralis, and caudal to the acromiodeltoid.

Synergist with the acromiodeltoid to flex and rotate the humerus.

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10
Q

Location & Function

Acromiotrapezius

A

Very thin, trapezoid-shaped muscle of the cranial back.

Adducts the scapula. Represented by the central portion of the trapezius in the human

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11
Q

Location & Function

Spinotrapezius

A

Triangle-shaped muscle that forms the caudal third of the trapezius group in the cat, with a caudodorsal border to the latissimus dorsi.

Pulls the scapula caudally. Represented by inferior portion of the trapezius in the human.

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12
Q

Location & Function

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Large, flat muscle on the back that is located immediately caudal to (and slightly covered by) the spinotrapezius.

Pulls the forelimb dorsocaudally

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13
Q

Location & Function

Pectoralis Major

A

Superficial and deep portions. Superficial portion is a thin, flat muscle similar in width to pectoantebrachialis and partially deep to it. Extends from midventral line and manubrium to the shaft of the humerus. Deep portion is located beneath the superficial and is thicker and wider.

Adduction of the forelimb (for both portions)

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14
Q

Location & Function

Pectoralis Minor

A

Thick, fan-shaped muscle that extends beneath and caudally to the deep portion of pectoralis major

Adduction of the forelimb

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15
Q

Location & Function

Pectoantebrachialis

A

Most superficial muscle of the chest. Extends from the midline of the body to the proximal end of the humerus

Adduction of the forelimb. Not found in humans.

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16
Q

Location & Function

Xiphihumeralis

A

On caudal border of pectoralis minor. Long, thin muscle extending from the xiphoid process to the ventral border of the humuerus.

Functions as a synergist with the pectoralis muscles in the adduction of the forelimb. Xiphihumeralis is absent in humans.

17
Q

Location & Function

Supraspinatus

A

Thick muscle that lies within the supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Protracts the humerus

18
Q

Location & Function

Infraspinatus

A

Slightly smaller than supraspinatus. Occupies infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Rotation of the humerus in a lateral direction

19
Q

Location & Function

Triceps Brachii - Long Head

A

The axillary border of the scapula near the glenoid fossa

Extension of the antebrachium

20
Q

Location & Function

Triceps Brachii - Lateral Head

A

Deltoid ridge of the humerus

Extension of the antebrachium

21
Q

Location & Function

Biceps Brachii

A

Large, thick muscle located on the cranial surface of the humerus

Primary flexor of the antebrachium, supinates the manus, and stabilizes the shoulder joint. Human biceps brachii includes two heads of origin, the short and long heads.

22
Q

Location & Function

Brachialis

A

Small muscle on the craniolateral surface of the humerus, partially obscured by the lateral head of the triceps

Synergist with the biceps brachii for flexion of the antebrachium

23
Q

Location & Function

Acromiodeltoid

A

Flat muscle located immediately ventral to the levator scapulae ventralis and caudal to the clavobrachialis

Synergist with spinodeltoid for flexion and lateral rotation of the humerus. Not a distinct muscle in humans, instead contributing with the clavobrachialis and spinodeltoid to form the large deltoid on the front of the shoulder

24
Q

Location & Function

Levator Scapulae Ventralis

A

A band-like muscle lying between the clavotrapezius and the acromiotrapezius

Elevation and rotation of the scapula

25
Q

Location & Function

Subscapularis

A

Large, triangle-shaped muscle that occupies the subscapular fossa of the scapula

Adducts the humerus

26
Q

Location & Function

Palmaris Longus

A

Arising from two heads of origin on the ventral side of the antebrachium

Flexes the digits. In humans, the palmaris longus is the equivalent muscle to the deep head of the flexor digitorum superficialis in the cat

27
Q

Location & Function

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Muscle with two heads of origin on the ventral side of the antebrachium

Flexion of the carpus

28
Q

Location & Function

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A

Long, narrow muscle that extends along the ulnar side of the antebrachium

Extends the carpals on the ulnar side

29
Q

Location & Function

Extensor Digitorum Lateralis

A

Long, narrow muscle of the dorsal antebrachium lateral to the extensor digitorum communis

Extends the digits of the manus. Does not exist in humans, is replaced by the extensor digitii minimi.

30
Q

Location & Function

Extensor Digitorum Communis

A

Long, narrow muscle of the dorsal antebrachium that partially overlaps the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

Extension of the second to fifth digits of the manus. Human muscle is similar, but is called the extensor digitorum

31
Q

Location & Function

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A

Narrow muscle dorsal to the brachioradialis on the radial side of the antebrachium

Supination of the manus

Anatomy (10 decks)

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