Castration Flashcards
Obj: Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of castrating a client owned dog or cat
Obj: select method of castration given a specific patient
Obj: Given a castration method, list and perform each step including selecting appropriate suture type and size
Obj: List potential complications of orchiectomy and discuss how to address each one
At what are are cats/dogs neuterd?
- Traditionally:
- 6-9 months dogs
- 4-6 months cats
- Shelter setting:
- 8-16 weeks for population control
What are the different ways to drape for a dog neuter?
- Pre-scrotal castration :
- Scrotum should be just caudal to the draped area
- Scrotal castration:
- include entire scotum
How are dogs clipped for neuter?
- Pre-scrotal (Picture)
- cranially to the tip of the prepuce
- 3cm lateral to midline
- at least the front ⅔ of the scrotum
- Scrotal:
- same but clip entire scrotum
Where is the surgeon positioned during a neuter?
on the OPPOSITE side of their handedness
(i.e. right handed surgeon stands on patients left)
What should be done in the event of an unintentional open castration?
- Accidentally cut parietal vaginal tunic during initial incision
- Try to salvage first
- If Not possible:
- Ligament of the tail of the epididymis is broken down
- Ductus deferens and pampiniform plexus/testicular artery are identified
- Double-ligate together, as for open castration OR
- Double-ligated individually
- Tunics are left in place - NOT ideal
What animals should receive a scrotal castration?
- Standard for feline castration
- Ideal for pre-pubertal dogs
- testicle advancement can be harder to achieve
- But may cause more irritation / complications for older dogs
What are the benefits for castration?
- Decrease the risk/rate of overpopulation
- Decrease sexually dimorphic behaviors
- Reduces the risk of androgen-related diseases
- benign prostatic hypertrophy, prostatitis, prostatic cysts/abscesses, perineal hernias, perineal adenomas
- Eliminates risk of testicular neoplasia
- cryptorchidism are 8-16x more likely to undergo neoplastic transformation
What are the drawbacks of castration?
-
Increased risk of prostatic carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, lymphoma, mast cell tumor, hemangiosarcoma, and osteosarcoma
- Especially if castrated prior to 1 year of age
- Risk is typically 2-5x that of an intact dog
- results are disputed or these studies are breed specific
-
Potential increased risk of certain orthopedic diseases
- cranial cruciate ligament rupture, hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia
- Potential development of undesirable behaviors
- tenuous claim
-
Decreased activity level and subsequent obesity
- easily preventable
describe the anatomy of the scrotal skin
- Divided into 2 cavities
