Castile - Country Kingdom Flashcards
County of Castile
During the
transformation of the
Asturias to the
Kingdom of León the
western county of
Castile became
increasingly
independent.
Crown of Castile
In the 12th and early
13th Castile and León
were united multiple
times culminating in the
unified Crown of
Castile.
Under the Crown, the
Taifas of Cordoba,
Murcia, Jaen and
Seville were conquered.
“Emperor of the Two Religions.”
After the conquest of Toledo in
1085, King of Leon and Castile,
Alfonso VI, negotiated the
preservation of Toledo mosque
and academies of learning. He
possibly adopted the title
The fall of the Taifa of Toledo
prompted remaining Taifas to
seek Almoravid assistance from
N. Africa, leading to the rise of
Almoravid and Almohad alAndalus.
Corpus toletanum
The translations
Gerard Cremona
translates Avicenna (Ibn Sina) early 11th C Canon of Medicine. The translation is the origin of many modern anatomical terms like diaphragm, orbit, pupil.
El Cid
introduced as being exiled from the Kingdom of Castille by King Alphonso for unknown reasons. He stops to say goodbye to his family, his wife Jimena and daughters Elvira and Sol. He is deeply upset. El Cid is described as fearless, physically superior, honesty, dignity, justice, generous, loyal. El Cid and his men attack various towns seeking only wealth. He gives away mn el-cid
Valencia
Cid conquers Valencia from Muslim ruler in 1094 and establishes independent pluralistic city state nominally under Alfonso of Castile with large Muslim and Christian communities.
Cantar (Poemo) de Mio Cid
story oldest preserved Castillian epic poem
Alfonso X
In the 13th Century, under Alfonso X of Castille Latin won ´t be the final language, but Castilian. The most prominent ruler in the Crown of Castile in Alfonso X.
adhaan
the first Islamic call to prayer, usually recited by a muezzin at five times of the day in a mosque, traditionally from a minaret.
muwashshah
(girdled/sash)
kharja
“the spice of the muwashshaḥa, its salt, its sugar, its musk and its ambrosia,”
zajal
Shout
Cantigas Book of Games
Made by Alfonso x translated by Sonja Musser Galladay