Case Study - Typhoon Haiyan, Phillipines - 2013 - LIC Flashcards
Where is the Philippines
Philippines is in Asia,
Region: South- East Asia
Philippines is an island country
What type of country is the Philippines
The Philippines is a Low Income Country (LIC)
What is the Philippines’ Human Development Index (HDI)
Philippines HDI - 0.699 (116th in the world)
When did the tropical storm occur
Typhoon Haiyan occurred on 8th November, 2013 at 4:40 am
What was the category, wind speed, rain and storm surge of Typhoon Haiyan
Category 5 typhoon
Wind speed: 314km/h recorded
Storm Surge - 5 metre storm surge experience in Leyte and Tacloban
Rainfall - In some areas 281.9mm of rainfall was recorded
Where was impacted (from Typhoon)
The city of Tacloban (population of more than 220,000 people) suffered more loss of life than any other area of the Philippines
What were the Primary Effect (SOCIAL)
More than 6190 people were killed by Typhoon Haiyan.
5 million people’s homes were either severely damaged or destroyed
1.1 million houses destroyed
580,000 houses severely damaged
Tacloban airport terminal building was damaged by a 5m storm surge
Power was interrupted
Less affected areas reported that their populations more than doubled after the typhoon with the influx of refugees.
What were the Primary Effect (Economic)
Major rice, corn and sugar-producing areas for the Philippines were destroyed affecting the country’s international trade and farmers’ incomes.
Six million workers lost their sources of income.
What were the Primary Effect (Environmental)
Widespread floods damaged and in many cases destroyed homes and businesses in coastal areas.
The Philippine government estimated that about 71,000 hectares of farmland was affected.
Thousands of trees were uprooted leading to a massive release of carbon dioxide and loss of habitat with resulting effects on wildlife.
Leyte and Tacloban experienced a 5-metre storm surge, and 400mm of rainfall flooded an area of up to 1km inland
Flooding knocked over Power Barge 103 causing an oil spill affecting mangrove ecosystems.
Major roads were blocked by trees, and were impassable.
What were the Secondary Effect (Social)
1.9 million people were left homeless and more than 6,000,000 displaced.
There were outbreaks of disease (e.g. Typhoid) due to the lack of sanitation, food, water, shelter, and medication.
14.1 million people affected
What were the Secondary Effect (Economic)
The overall economic impact of Typhoon Haiyan is estimated at $5.8 billion (£3.83 billion).
Fishing communities were severely affected with the storm destroying 30,000 boats and associated equipment.
the country’s international trade and farmers’ incomes were affected as major rice, corn and sugar-producing areas for the Philippines were destroyed
What were the Secondary Effect (Environmental)
Massive releases of carbon dioxide and loss of habitat with resulting effects on wildlife due to the fact thousands of trees were uprooted
90% of Tacloban was destroyed
Seawater, chemicals and sewerage contaminated surface and groundwater.
An oil tanker ran aground, causing an 800,000-litre oil leak that contaminated fishing waters.
Flooding knocked over Power Barge 103 causing an oil spill affecting mangrove ecosystems.
What were the immediate responses
The UK government provided food, shelter, clean water, medicine and other supplies for up to 800,000 victims.
The PAGASA, the Philippines’ meteorological agency broadcasted warnings two days before Typhoon Haiyan hit, leading to the evacuation of approximately 750,000 residents.
Several charities provided emergency aid such as water, food and shelter
The Philippines formally declared ‘A State of National Calamity’ and asked for international help, one day after Typhoon Haiyan hit the country.
A curfew was introduced two days after the typhoon to reduce looting
What were the long-term responses
Several charities helped people get their livelihoods back, for example by repairing fishing boats or distributing rice seeds.
Build Back Better is the government’s response to the typhoon. Launched in 2014, it intended to upgrade damaged buildings to protect them from future disasters. They have also set up a no-build zone along the coast in Eastern Visayas, a new storm surge warning system has been developed, and mangroves replanted to absorb future storm surges.
Define Aid`
Aid is help or support
