Case Study for HIC Energy Mixes: France (nuclear dependence) and Iceland

Question 1

Describe the energy mix in France

Answer 1

• 42.4% Nuclear
• 28% oil
• 15% natural gas

Question 2

Why does France have this energy mix?

Answer 2

• Lack of own fossil fuel reserves
• Physical conditions suitable for nuclear > low tectonic hazard; large rivers for cooling
• Political focus on nuclear (OPEC oil embargo focus on energy security)/ dependence makes it difficult to reverse its decision despite nuclear concerns elsewhere
• HIC > can afford to develop nuclear

Question 3

Describe the energy mix in Iceland

Answer 3

• 65% geothermal
• 22% HEP
• 11% oil

Question 4

Why does Iceland have this energy mix?

Answer 4

• Only use for oil is transport
• Physical Geography > provides abundant geothermal energy; mountainous conditions/abundant water supply > HEP
• HIC with low population can afford to develop HEP/Geothermal