Cartilage and bone Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the 3 types of cartilage?
Hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
Which type of collagen have a perichondrium?
Hyaline and elastic
What is the temporary skeleton of a fetus made of?
Hyaline cartilage
What makes up the hyaline cartilage matrix?
Proteoglycan aggregates (chondroitin, keratin sulfate, hyaluronic acid) embedded in type II collagen
Area directly adjacent to chondrocytes. What is this area rich in? Poor in?
Territorial matrix.
Rich in glycosaminoglycans
Poor in collagen
How does the territorial matrix stain?
Basophilic
Layer of dense irregular connective tissue - surrounds hyaline and elastic cartilage.
Perichondrium
What provides blood supply cartilage? (Remember that cartilage is avascular.)
Perichondrium
Group of 2-8 cells sharing the same lacunae in hyaline cartilage.
Isogenous group
Where is elastic cartilage located?
Epiglottis, external ear, eustachian tube, epiglottis, larynx
Describe the structural pattern of fibrocartilage.
Alternating rows of fibroblast-derived chondrocytes & thick bundles of type I collagen.
Where is fibrocartilage found?
Areas where support and tensile strength are required:
IV disks, articular disks, pubic symphis, tendon and ligament insertions, knee joint menisci.
What does bone matrix consist of primarily?
hydroxyapatite crystals
What makes up the organic portion of bone matrix?
Type I collagen
What type of bone is first formed during fetal development and repair?
Primary bone (immature, woven bone)
What are the two types of secondary bone (mature, lamellar)
Compact bone and spongy bone
Layer of non calcified connective tissue covering bone on external surfaces (except at synovial articulations)
Periosteum
What type of collagen are Sharpey’s fibers (located within bone periosteum)?
Type I
What is the function of Sharpey’s fibers?
Attach periosteum to bone and distributes blood vessels to bone
What bone structure is a source of osteoprogenitor cells and osteoblasts?
Endosteum
Howship’s lacuna?
Depression in bone created by osteoclast.
Excess pituitary hormone in adults. Leads to very thick bones in extremities and parts of the fascial skeleton.
Acromegaly.
Calcium deficiency in adults
Osteomalacia
Osteomalacia in children. Primarily due to Vit D deficiency.
Rickets
