Carrying Out The Scientific Method

Question 1

Difference between induction and deduction

Answer 1

Induction: Empirical research is carried out and then a a theory is developed to make sense of the findings (e.g. piliavin developed arousal close reward model after study), deduction: a theory is developed and then empirical research out to see if the theory is correct (Freud, Bandura social learning theory)

Question 2

What are the principles

Answer 2

1.The study of cause and effect(to a sig level, show iv affects dv), 2.falsifiability, 3.replicability, 4.objectivity, 5.induction, 6.deduction, 7.hypothesis testing(predicts about likely outcomes of research, alt says iv has effect on dv, null says no effect), 8. manipulation of variables (iv is operationalised to asses effects on dv), 9.controls and standardisation,10. quantiafiable measurements (quant data, observable and objective)

Question 3

Define falsifiability and objectivity (replicability is the other one)

Answer 3

Fals-the ability in principle to prove a claim wrong, object-when a claim is matter of fact rather than opinion