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Clinical Skills > Carnivore dental > Flashcards

Carnivore dental Flashcards

1
Q

What is the normal periodontal depth in a cat?

A

0-1mm

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2
Q

What is the normal depth of the periodontal pocket in a dog?

A

0-3mm

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3
Q

What may a greater periodontal depth than normal be indicative of?

A

Disease in the periodontal space, e.g. periodontitis

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4
Q

What does R stand for when completing a dental chart?

A

Restoration

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5
Q

How is enamel defect coded for by a dental chart?

A

ED

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6
Q

What does RT stand for on a dental chart?

A

Retained temporary tooth

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7
Q

What does CA stand for only a dental chart?

A

Carious lesion

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8
Q

What 4 factors are examined and graded when performing a dental examination?

A

Gingivitis
Plaque
Calculus
Periodontal pocket

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9
Q

Why are some dog breeds more prone to dental disease than others?

A

Retained deciduous teeth into adulthood

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10
Q

What kind of teeth do dogs and cats have: hypsodont or brachydont?

A

Brachydont

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11
Q

At what age do deciduous teeth begin erupting in both species?

A

Approximately 5wks

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12
Q

Which teeth are not present in the deciduous dental formula of both species?

A

Molars

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13
Q

At what age do permanent teeth begin erupting?

A

By 7mo

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14
Q

Which of the premolars in both species possesses only a single root?

A

1st maxillary premolar

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15
Q

How does the first maxillary premolar differ from the others in both species?

A

This is the only tooth of the premolars to have a single root, compared with the 2 diverging roots of the other premolars

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16
Q

Which teeth in dogs are single rooted unusually?

A

1st maxillary premolar

1st mandibular premolar

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17
Q

How many deciduous teeth does a kitten have?

A

26 deciduous teeth

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18
Q

What is the deciduous dental formula for kittens?

A

2(I 3/3 C 1/1 P 3/2) = 26 teeth

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19
Q

When do the deciduous teeth in a kitten erupt and finish emerging?

A

Deciduous teeth begin emerging at 4wks and have come through by 8wks

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20
Q

At what age do the cats’ permanent dentition begin emerging?

A

Incisors at 3-4mo

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21
Q

Which species has a degree of grinding surface to their occluding aspect of their molars? Why

A

Dogs have a grinding surface to their molars as their diet is not as specialised as cats

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22
Q

What is the role of the periodontal ligament?

A

Shock absorption

Permits tiny movements of teeth during mastication

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23
Q

Which species has the smaller periodontal pocket?

A

Cats

24
Q

What is the root covered by?

A

Cementum

25
Q

What material covers the crown of teeth?

A

Enamel

26
Q

Where is the periodontal ligament found?

A

Between the tooth and its alveolar socket

27
Q

What layer is the pulp cavity deeper than?

A

Dentine

28
Q

What feature of teeth makes them difficult to extract?

A

Many teeth roots have a bulbosity at the end which can complicate extractions

29
Q

What are the alveolar sockets lined by?

A

A cribriform plate

30
Q

How is the cribriform plate identified radiographically?

A

As the lamina dura

31
Q

What does disruption of the lamina dura indicate?

A

Dental disease

32
Q

Which teeth in a dog have 2 roots?

A

Maxilla: 06 07 10
Mandible: 06, 07 08 09 10

33
Q

Which teeth have 2 roots in a cat?

A

Maxilla: 07
Mandible: 07 08 09

34
Q

What do maxillary teeth 08 and 09 have in common in a dog?

A

They both have 3 roots

35
Q

Which teeth in a cat have 3 roots?

A

08 maxillary teeth

36
Q

Why are cats teeth more complicated to extract?

A

Their periodontal space is considerably smaller

Their roots are smaller

37
Q

Which teeth are single-rooted?

A

Incisors

Canines

38
Q

What is the name of the numbering system employed for the dental arcades?

A

Triadan numbering system

39
Q

How many teeth are there on each arcade in a dog?

A

10 on each upper arcade

11 on each lower arcade

40
Q

What is the danger posed to cats by inflated endotracheal tubes?

A

Cats have highly sensitive larynxes that can go into spasm with an inflated tube

41
Q

In which species is an ET tube fitted and the cuff inflated?

A

Dogs - due to sensitive nature of cats’ larynxes

42
Q

What should be inserted into the pharynx and regularly changed to prevent blood or debris from entering the trachea?

A

Pharyngeal pack

43
Q

What vital sign should be monitored in particularly when dental procedures or exams are being performed?

A

Body temperature as this can rapidly fall during dentals

44
Q

What is the difference between calculus and plaque?

A

Calculus is mineralised plaque

Plaque is a sticky, light colour biofilm that initially contains gram + aerobes

45
Q

What is periodontal disease commonly caused by?

A

Subgingival plaque and calculus

46
Q

What components are graded in a canine dental chart?

A

Gingivitis
Plaque
Calculus

47
Q

What additional section is present on a feline dental chart?

A

Resorptive lesions

48
Q

Why is adequate water spray crucial when using a scaler?

A

To prevent heating and damaging of teeth

49
Q

How is damage to the enamel prevented when using a dental scaler?

A

Scaler must be kept moving at all times

Flat of tip must be used for each tooth

50
Q

What is the aim of scaling?

A

To remove calculus present above and below gumline, hence leaving behind a smooth surface to inhibit future buildup

51
Q

If there is a periodontal pocket >2mm depth, what piece of equipment should be used?

A

A hand curette

52
Q

How many places should the periodontal pocket be assessed?

A

6 places (3 buccal, 3 lingual)

53
Q

What is used to perform polishing of teeth?

A

Fine grade prophy paste

Prophy cup

54
Q

How long should be spent scaling each tooth?

A

No more than 2s

55
Q

What is the maximum period of time that should be spent polishing a tooth?

A

2s

56
Q

What is the difference between canine and feline dental charts?

A

Cats teeth are numbered as if they are dogs with missing teeth, hence explaining the gaps in feline dental charts

Clinical Skills (8 decks)

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