Caring for the older adult Chapter 9

Question 1

• maintaining levels of sensory stimulation that are tolerable for a person with dementia minimizes confusion and fatigue.
• Appropriate sensory devices ( hearing aids, glasses)
• In later stages of dementia use validation therapy
• Environmental modifications(make more home like)

Answer 1

strategies for communication

Question 2

arthritis, gait and balance disorders, and cataracts and many other health disorders result in impairments such as ataxia,(impaired muscular coordination), spasticity(stiff or awkward muscle movements), and hemiparesis(weakness on one side of the body).

Answer 2

factors affecting mobility

Question 3

• exercising regularly, medication review, routine eye exams, improved lighting, and reducing environmental hazards.

Answer 3

Reducing risks for falls

Question 4

This population is at risk for complications from acute and chronic illnesses, medications, and environmental onslaughts.

Answer 4

Older adults with poor nutrition(esp. protein deficiency)

Question 5

The characteristic that helps one expand beyond personal limits to reach out to others with greater awareness of others’ beliefs and values.

Answer 5

Self-transcendence

Question 6

humoral immunity declines because of changes in T-cell function, and lower antibody response to microorganisms that cause influenza and pneumonia.
-Inadequate nutrition and chronic illness also contribute to decreased immune system

Answer 6

factors affecting immunity

Question 7

• avoid alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine
• avoid exercise 3-4 hrs. before bedtime
• avoid frequent napping
• avoid large meals and excitement before betimes
• sleep in a cool, quite environment
• upon waking get up and avoid watching the clock
• use the bed for sleeping and intimacy only

Answer 7

Good sleep habits

Question 8

• misconceptions about addiction
• lack of knowledge about dose management and tolerance
• belief that older adults experience less pain
• failure to assess and treat pain in cognitively impaired persons

Answer 8

barriers to pain management

Question 9

irreversible confusion such as alzheimer’s disease

Answer 9

dementia

Question 10

• acute confusion

- affects judgment, insight, language, communication, sensory

Answer 10

delirium

Question 11

include social isolation, dementia, and frailty

Answer 11

risk factors for mistreatment