Career Counseling-CPCE Flashcards
Lifestyle and career development have been emphasized
Since the beginning of the counseling and guidance movement and are still major areas of concern
Women workers are often impacted by the glass ceiling phenomenon, what statement would a counselor most likely make when conducting a career counseling session with a female client who wants to advance to a higher position?
“Lets be rational: A woman can only advance so far. You really have vert little if any chance of becoming a corporate executive. Im here to help you cope with this reality.
Most research in the area of career development and its relationship to students indicates that
A very high proportion of students in high school and at the junior high or middle school level wanted guidance in planning a career. Career interests are more stable after college
What statement is true about dual career families?
Dual career families have higher incomes than the so called traditional family in which only one partner is working
In a dual-career household the woman
is typically secure in her career before she has children
Studies indicate that
students want more vocational guidance than they receive
Statistics reveal that
On average a worker with a bachelor’s degree earns over $10,000 a year more than a worker with a high school diploma
When professional career counselors use the term leisure they technically mean
The time the client has away from working which is not being utilized for obligations
In terms of leisure time and dual career families
A dual career family has less leisure time
A client who says “I feel I cannot really become an administrator in our agency because I am a woman” is showing an example of
gender bias
one major category of career theory is know as the trait-factor approach. It has also been dubbed the actuarial or matching approach. This approach
attempts to match the worker and the work environment (job factors). The approach thus makes the assumption that there is one best or single career for the person
The trait and factor career counseling, actuarial or matching approach is associated with
Parsons and Williamson
The trait and factor model is sometimes called
Structural theory
The trait and factor or actuarial approach asserts that
Testing is an important part of the counseling process. and a counselor can match the correct person with the appropriate job
Frank Parson is called
The Father of vocational guidance
This statement is NOT true about trait and factor approach
The approach is developmental and thus focuses on career maturity
Edmund Griffith Williamson’s work (Minnesota Viewpoint) purports to be scientific and didactic, utilizing test data from instruments such as the
Minnesota Occupational Rating Scales
The trait and factor approach fails to take _____ into account
Individual change throughout the lifespan
Anne Roe suggested a personality approach to career choice
Based on the premise that a job satisfies an unconscious need
Roe was the first career specialist to utilize a two dimensional system of occupational classification utilizing
fields and levels
What are the 8 occupational fields
Service Business Contact Organizations Technology Outdoor Science General Culture Arts/Entertainment
What are the 6 occupational levels
Professional and Managerial 1 Professional and Managerial 2 Semiprofessional/Small Business Skilled Semiskilled Unskilles
Roe spoke of three basic parenting styles: Overprotective, Avoidant, or Acceptant. The result is that the child
Will develop a personality which gravitates toward people or away from people
Roe’s theory relies on Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs in the sense that in terms of career choice
Lower order needs take precedence over higher order needs
Some support for Roe’s theory comes from
The Rorschach and the TAT
In terms of genetics, Roe’s theory would assert that
Genetics help to determine intelligence and education and hence this influences one’s career choice
According to Anne Roe, who categorized occupations by fields and levels
The choice of a career helps to satisfy an individuals needs
A theorist who emphasized the unconscious processes is
Bordin
Edwin Bordin felt that difficulties related to job choice
Are indicative of neurotic symptoms
Brill emphasized ____ as an ego defense mechanism
Sublimation
What does sublimation occur?
Sublimation occurs when an individual expresses and unacceptable need in a socially acceptable manner.
A client who becomes a professional football player because he unconsciously likes to hurt people would be utilizing ___ according to Brill’s theory of career choice
Sublimation
The most popular approach to career choice reflects
the work of John Holland
Most experts in the field of career counseling would classify Roe, Brill, and Holland as
Personality Theoriest
Counselors who support Holland’s approach believe that
an appropriate job allows one to express his or her personality
What are the 6 modal orientations?
Artistic Conventional Enterprising Investigative Realistic Social
A middle school counselor is most likely
Social- prefer to solve problems using interpersonal skills and feelings
The Vice president of the USA is most likely
Enterprising- like to sell to others or perform leadership tasks
Someone who wishes to work on an assembly line is most likely
Realistic- motoric like machines
A research chemist is most likely
Investigative- likes to think their way through a problem
A bookkeeper or Clerical worker is most likely
Conventional-structure, rules
In regard to an individual’s behavioral style, Holland believed that
most people are not pure personality types and thus can best be described by a distribution of types such as Realistic, Social, and Investigative (RSI)
Holland believed that
a given occupation will tend to attract persons with similar personalities
Hoppock’s theory is based off the work of ____ is also called personality approach
Henry Murray
Ginzberg and his colleagues now believe in a developmental model of career choice which asserts that
The process of choosing a career does not end at that age of 20, Career choice decisions are really made throughout the life span, and Career Choice is reversiblr
3 stages of career development
Fantasy (birth-11)
Tentative (11-17)
Realistic (17- early 20s)
Donald Super emphasized
the self concept
Super’s theory emphasizes ___ life stages
5. Growth (birth-14) Exploration (15-24) Establishment (24-44) Maintenance (44-64) Decline (65+)
Super’s theory includes
the life choice rainbow
