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Medical Terminology > Cardiovascular System: Vocabulary > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System: Vocabulary Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

auscultation

A

the process of listening to the sounds within the body by using a stethoscope

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2
Q

cardiology

A

heart specialty

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3
Q

catheter

A

a flexible tube inserted into the body for the purpose of moving fluids into or out of the body. used to place dye into blood vessels so they may be visualized on xrays

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4
Q

infarct

A

an area of tissue within an organ or part that undergoes necrosis following the loss of its blood supply

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5
Q

ischemia

A

the localized and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to an obstruction to the circulation

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6
Q

murmur

A

an abnormal heart sound such as a soft blowing sound or harsh click

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7
Q

orthostatic hypotension

A

sudden drop in BP a person experiences when standing up suddenly

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8
Q

palpitations

A

pounding, racing heartbeats

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9
Q

plaque

A

a yellow, fatty deposit of lipids in an artery that are the hallmark of atherosclerosis

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10
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

instrument for measuring BP

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11
Q

stent

A

a stainless steel tube placed within a blood vessel or a duct to widen the lumen

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12
Q

stethoscope

A

instrument for listening to body sounds

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13
Q

angina pectoris

A

chest pain

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14
Q

arrhythmia

A

irregularity in the heartbeat or action

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15
Q

cardiac arrest

A

complete stopping of heart activity

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16
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

disease of the myocardium

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17
Q

congestive heart failure CHF

A

pathological condition of the heart in which there is a reduce outflow of blood from the left side of the heart because the left ventricle myocardium has become too weak to efficiently pump blood. edema

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18
Q

coronary artery disease CAD

A

insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle due to an obstruction of one or more coronary arteries

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19
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of the lining membranes of the heart

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20
Q

fibrillation

A

abnormal quivering or contraction of heart fibers

21
Q

flutter

A

arrhythmia in which the atria beat too rapidly

22
Q

myocardial infarction

A

heart attack

23
Q

myocarditis

A

inflammation of the muscle layer of the heart wall

24
Q

pericarditis

A

inflammation of the pericardial sac around the heart

25
Q

aneurysm

A

weakness in the wall of an artery resulting in localized widening of the artery

26
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardened artery

27
Q

atherosclerosis

A

formation of yellowish plaques of cholesterol on the inner walls of arteries

28
Q

embolus

A

blood clot that has broken off from a thrombus somewhere else in the body

29
Q

hemorrhoid

A

varicose veins in the anal region

30
Q

hypertension HTN

A

blood pressure above the normal range

31
Q

hypotension

A

decrease in BP

32
Q

polyarteritis

A

inflammation of several arteries

33
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein resulting in the formation of blood clots within the vein

34
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot forming within a blood vessel

35
Q

varicose veins

A

swollen and distended veins usually in the legs

36
Q

angiography

A

xrays taken after the injection of an opaque material into a blood vessel

37
Q

venography

A

process of recording a vein

38
Q

electrocardiography

A

process of recording the electrical activity of the heart

39
Q

cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR

A

restore cardiac output and oxygenated air to the lungs for a person in cardiac arrest

40
Q

defibrillation

A

procedure that converts serious irregular heartbeats by giving electric shocks to the heart using an instrument defibrillator

41
Q

pacemaker implantation

A

electrical device that substitutes for the natural pacemaker of the heart

42
Q

arterial anastomosis

A

surgical joining together of two arteries

43
Q

coronary artery bypass graft

A

open-heart surgery in which a blood vessel from another location in the body is grafted to route blood around a blocked coronary artery

44
Q

embolectomy

A

removal of an embolus or clot from a blood vessel

45
Q

endarterectomy

A

removal of the diseased or damaged inner lining of an artery

46
Q

anticoagulant

A

prevent blood clot formation WARFARIN

47
Q

diuretic

A

increases urine production which reduces plasma and blood volume resulting in lower BP

48
Q

vasoconstrictor

A

contracts smooth muscle in walls of blood vessels, raises BP

49
Q

vasodilator

A

relaxes the smooth muscle in the walls of arteries.. increasing the diameter which reduces BP

Medical Terminology (39 decks)

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