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Physiology Of Body Systems > Cardiovascular System Definitions > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Systole

A

Contraction of the heart

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2
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxation of the heart

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3
Q

Pulse pressure

A

The difference in pressure in the arteries over the cardiac cycle, that is the difference between systolic arterial pressure and diastolic arterial pressure

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4
Q

Cardiac output

A

The amount of blood the heart pumps in a minute

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5
Q

Stroke volume

A

The volume pumped out of one ventricle in a heartbeat

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6
Q

Chronotropy

A

Refers to a change in the heart rate

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7
Q

Inotropy

A

Refers to a change in the contractility of the heart

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8
Q

Tachycardia

A

A condition resulting in a faster than normal heart rate

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9
Q

Bradycardia

A

A condition resulting in a slower than normal heart rate

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10
Q

Venous tone

A

The degree of constriction of a vein relative to its maximally dilated state

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11
Q

Vaso tone

A

The degree of constriction of an artery relative to its maximally dilated

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12
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

The decrease in diameter of a blood vessel resulting from the contraction of the smooth muscle (usually arteries)
(Active control of diameter)

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13
Q

Haemorrhage

A

A decrease in volume of blood due to a loss of blood from the blood vessels

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14
Q

Hyperaemia

A

Increase in blood flow to a tissue

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15
Q

Active hyperaemia

A

Increase in blood flow to a tissue following increased metabolic activity

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16
Q

Reactive hyperaemia

A

Increase in blood flow to a tissue following a period of ischemia

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17
Q

Intrinsic control

A

Control of cardiac output through mechanisms that increase venous return

18
Q

Extrinsic Control

A

Control of cardiac output through hormones, autonomic nerves and drugs

19
Q

4 heart valves

A

Right and left atrioventricular valves, right and left semilunar valves

20
Q

Heart rate

A

The number of heart beats per minute

21
Q

Venous return

A

The rate blood flows into a ventricle

22
Q

TBW

A

The total water content in all of the tissues and organs

23
Q

EFC

A

Fluid that is not contained within cells, includes lymph, interstitial fluid and plasma

24
Q

ICF

A

Fluid that is contained within cells

25
Q

Plasma

A

The liquid part of the blood

26
Q

Systolic pressure

A

The maximum arterial pressure in systemic arteries during contraction of the heart

27
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

The minimum pressure in systemic arteries during diastole of the heart

28
Q

Mean arterial pressure

A

The average arterial pressure throughout on cardiac cycle of systole and diastole

29
Q

Sinoatrial node

A

A specialised myocardial structure that initiates the electrical impulses in the heart to stimulate contraction

30
Q

Atrioventricular node

A

The part of the electrical conduction system of that heart that electrically connects the atria and ventricles

31
Q

Purkinje fibres

A

Receive conductive signals from the atrioventricular node and stimulate the ventricles to contract

32
Q

Automaticity

A

The ability to generate a heartbeat

33
Q

Ectopic beat

A

A beat generated outside the normal pacemaker

34
Q

EKG

A

A test the measures the electrical activity of the heartbeat

35
Q

Resistance

A

The resistance in blood vessels that must be overcome to push blood through the circulatory system and create flow

36
Q

Capitance

A

The measure of a blood vessels ability to increase the volume of blood it holds without a large increase in blood pressure

37
Q

Colloidal osmotic pressure

A

The osmotic pressure exerted by proteins in the blood in the capillaries, notably albumin

38
Q

Ischemia

A

A restriction in blood supply to a tissue

39
Q

Remodelling

A

Changes in the size of blood vessels due to long term metabolic activity of an area

40
Q

Angiogenesis

A

The formation of new blood vessels

41
Q

Central ischemic response

A

A response produced when blood flow to the brain is limited that elevates blood pressure and blocks blood flow to everywhere apart from the brain, lungs and heart

Physiology Of Body Systems (7 decks)

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