Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Mediastinum
The middle cavity of the thorax.
Apex
The bottom “tip” of the heart.
Base
The middle of the heart where the large blood vessels originate from.
Pericardium
The sac-like structure that wraps around the heart.
Atria
The two top cavities of the heart.
Ventricles
The two lower cavities of the heart.
Interatrial septum
It is the membrane that divide the heart longitudinally.
Superior Venae Cavae
The large vein that takes in oxygen-poor blood superior of the heart.
Inferior Venae Cavae
The large vein that takes in oxygen-poor blood inferior to the heart.
Pulmonary Arteries
The two largest arteries that carry blood to the lungs to be supplied with oxygen.
Pulmonary Veins
Four large veins that carry the oxygenated blood back into the heart.
Aorta
The largest artery in the body supplies all the outer arteries with blood.
Atrioventricular valves
Located between the atrial and ventricular chambers and prevent backflow into the Atria.
Bicuspid valves
Has two flaps preventing backflow.
Tricuspid valves
Has three flaps preventing backflow.
Chordae Tendineae
Anchor the flaps to the walls of the ventricles.
Semilunar valves
Guard the bases of the two larges arteries leaving the ventricular chambers.
Coronary arteries
Branch of from the aorta and encircles the heart.
Cardiac veins
The myocardium drains into these to be resupplied with oxygen.
Coronary Sinus
The cardiac veins drain into this which drains into the right atrium.
Sinoatrial Node
It reguates the heartbeat and is called the pacemaker.
Purkinje Fibers
Spread within the muscles of the ventricle walls.
Pacemaker
The SA node regulates heartbeat.
Systole
The contraction of the heart.
Diastole
The relaxation of the heart.
