cardiovascular system Flashcards
Arteries are thick-walled
True or False
True
3 structures for arteries
- innermost layer
- Middle layer - smooth muscle
- outer layer - connective tissue
True or false
Arteries don’t work under pressure
false
They carry blood under pressure
What do pre capillary sphincters do?
Control blood flow from arterials into capillaries
What happens within capillaries?
- Blood exchanges substances with tissues
What does the lymphatic system help do?
Maintain blood volume
True or false
Veins have high distensibility
True
2 mechanisms assisting in blood return
- Contraction of skeletal muslces
- One-way valve permits only one-way blood flow
Layers of the heart
- Epicardium - Thin layer of epithelial and connective tissue
- Myocardium - Thick layer of cardiac muscle
- Endocardium - Thin layer of endothelial tissue
What are the 4 chambers of the heart
1 + 2 - Atria (upper chambers)
3+ 4 - ventricles (lower chambers)
What are the 4 valves of the heart
2 atrioventricular valves (AV)
- Tricuspid valve (right side)
- Bicuspid (mitral) valve (left side)
2 Semilunar valves
- Pulmonary (lungs) valve
- Aortic valve
What are the two circuits of the heart?
Pulmonary circuit (lungs)
Systemic circuit (rest of the body)
What side of the body is deoxygenated blood?
Right side
What side of the body is oxygenated blood?
Left side
What are the coronary arteries?
The arteries that supply the heart muscle
What are the three wave formations?
- P wave
- QRS wave
- T wave
What can EKG’s detect?
- Arrhythmias
- ventricular fibrillation
