Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Define health
A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity/injury.
Define fitness
The ability to meet and cope with the demands of the environment
Define physical activity
Being active and taking part in exercise – can directly benefit your physical health and wellbeing.
Define heart rate
The number of times the heart beats per minute
Define anticipatory rise
Slight increase in heart rate usually before activity starts due to the expectation of exercise
Define stroke volume
The volume of blood that leaves the heart during each contraction
Define cardiac output
The amount of blood the heart pumps out. Measured in litres per minute (L/min)
Q = SV xHR
Define systole
Term used to describe the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle - the ventricles contrac z and pump blood to the arteries
(RV to the pulmonary artery and lungs, LV to the aorta and the body)
Define diastole
Term used to describe the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle. The heart ventricles are relaxed and fill with blood
Define myogenic
originating in muscle, as an impulse or sensation. producing muscle tissue.
Define bundle of His
an elongated segment connecting the AV Node and the left and right bundle branches of the septal crest
Define sinoatrial node (SAN or SA node)
a specialized myocardial structure that initiates the electrical impulses to stimulate contraction
Define Atrioventricular node (AVN or AV node)
a small structure in the heart, located in the Koch triangle, near the coronary sinus on the interatrial septum
Define purkinje fibres
any of the modified cardiac muscle fibers with few nuclei, granulated central cytoplasm, and sparse peripheral striations that make up a network of myocardial conducting tissue.
