Cardiovascular QUIZ Flashcards
What type of disease is cardiovascular disease?
A lifestyle disease
What is cardiovascular disease?
Medical disorders that affect the heart & blood vessels
What are the 5 risk factors for CVD?
Heredity Ethnicity Gender Age Environment
Heredity- ?
High BP also runs in families
Ethnicity-?
African Americans are twice as likely as whites to develop high blood pressure
Age-?
Risk increases with age
Environment-?
Smog, tobacco, smoke, stress
Gender-?
Males have a greater risk of heart disease & stroke than females, however a woman’s chances of survival are less than men
What is hypertension?
High blood pressure
What are the causes of hypertension?
Many cases unknown
Uncontrollable
What are the risk factors for hypertension?
- Obesity
- Alcohol
- Inactivity
- Smoking
- Excessive salt intake
What are the 2 types of blood pressure?
Systolic pressure
Diastolic pressure
What is systolic pressure?
Ventricles contract blood into arteries is at it’s greatest pressure
What is diastolic pressure?
Ventricles relax, pressure in arteries is at its lowest level
What is normal blood pressure?
120 over 80
What is arteriosclerosis? What does it come down to?
Hardening of the arteries
Arteries become thick & lose their elasticity
Mainly due to food choices
What is atherosclerosis? What can it result in? What is it caused by?
When fatty deposits accumulate and blood vessels narrow
Can result in blockage
Causes by foods high in cholesterol & fat
What is angina pectoris? What is it a warning sign of?
Pain & tightness of the chest caused by lack of oxygen to the heart
A warning sign that the heart is in distress
What is heart attack?
Distress of angina continues over time
What are the signs of a heart attack?
- Pressure/fullness
- Squeezing/aching
- Nausea/vomiting
- Sweating
- Shortness of breath
- Numbness in upper body
What is fibrillation? What is it known as? What should be started?
The rapid ineffective beating of one or both ventricles
Known as cardiac arrest
CPR should be started
What is congestive heart failure?
A slow gradual weakening of the heart from over work
Also from arteriosclerosis and hyper tension
What is stroke?
Any interruption of the flow of blood to any part of the brain
What are the causes of stroke?
Blocking of the cerebral artery by a blood clot
An artery in the brain can Burst & floods the surrounding brain tissue with blood “cerebral hemorrhage”
What are the signs of a stroke?
Sudden weakness or humbleness of face, arm & leg on one side of the body
Loss of speech or trouble speaking & understanding
Loss of vision, particularly in one eye
Unexplained dizziness & unsteadiness
