Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm. Final > Cardiovascular pharmacology > Flashcards

Cardiovascular pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

HTN- first line and second line medical management

A

…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

1st line of medical management for HTN - 4

A
  1. thiazide diuretics
  2. ace inhibitors
  3. angiotensin receptor blockers
  4. Ca channel blockers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Thiazide diuretics do what?

A

inhibition of sodium/chloride reuptake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are 3 actions of ace inhibitors?

A
  1. inhibits ACE/conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II - prevents vasoconstriction
  2. reduces production of ADH-reduces fluid volume
  3. reduces aldosterone production- reduces fluid volume
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are 3 actions of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB)?

A
  1. inhibits angiotensin II receptor - causes vasodilation
  2. reduces ADH production - reduces fluid volume
  3. reduces aldosterone production- reduces fluid volume
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are 3 actions of Ca channel blockers?

A
  • decreases contractility and cardiac force rate
  • reduces after load
  • vasodilation by blocking Ca reentry in smooth and cardiac muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

2nd line of medication management - 4 drugs

A
  1. Beta blockers
  2. aldosterone antagonists
  3. loop diuretics
  4. direct vasodilators, alpha 1 blockers, alpha 2 blockers,
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the actions of beta blockers?

A
  • acts on sympathetic nervous system
  • inhibits SA node
  • inhibits renin secretion
  • decreased HR and vasodilation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the actions of Aldosterone antagonists ?

A

inhibits aldosterone by inhibiting sodium-potassium exchange site in distal tubule-

  • secretes Na in water,
  • retains K
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the actions of loop diuretics?

A

inhibits Na, K, Ca, Mg reabsorption in loop of Henle–

-reduces volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

direct vasodilators, alpha 1 blockers, alpha 2 blockers do what?

A

peripheral vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What drugs are used for cardiac medication?

A
  • diuretics
  • Sypmatholytics
  • vasodilators
  • ACE inhibitors
  • Ca channel blockers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do diuretics act on?

A

act on kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

diuretics purpose ?

A

decrease plasma fluid volume– reduces afterload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diuretics mechanism of action

A

inhibition of Na/Chloride reuptake, excretes Na

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diuretics side effects

A
  • hypotension
  • renal dysfunction
  • volume depletion
  • electrolyte disturbances
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sympatholytics are what?

A

Beta blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Sympatholytics/Beta blockers act on?

A

sympathetic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Sympatholytics/Beta blockers purpose?

A

decreases sympathetic influence on heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sympatholytics/Beta blockers mechanism of action?

A
  • beta 1 blockade
  • inhibits sympathetic cardiac stimulation of SA node
  • inhibits renin secretion which leads to Vasodilation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sympatholytics/Beta blockers side effects?

A
  • fatigue
  • cold hands
  • headache
  • dizziness
  • shortness of breath
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

vasodilators act on?

A

peripheral vasculature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

vasodilators purpose?

A

lower vascular resistance

24
Q

vasodilators mechanism of action?

A

… inc.

25
Q

vasodilators side effects?

A

… inc

26
Q

ace inhibitors act on?

A

peripheral vasculature and involved organs

27
Q

ace inhibitors purpose?

A
  • prevent vasoconstriction

- reduces fluid volume

28
Q

ace inhibitors mechanism of action?

A
  • inhibits ACE/conversion of angiotensin I to Angiotensin II
  • reduces production of ADH
  • reduces aldosterone production
29
Q

ace inhibitors side effects?

A
  • angioedema
  • cough
  • orthostasis
  • hypotension
  • hyperkalemia
30
Q

Ca channel blockers act on?

A

smooth muscle and cardiac muscle

31
Q

Ca channel blockers purpose?

A
  • decreases contractility
  • decrease cardiac force and rate
  • reduces after load
  • causes vasodilation
32
Q

Ca channel blockers mechanism of action?

A

blocks Ca re-entry

33
Q

Ca channel blockers side effects?

A
  • hypotension
  • Av block
  • reflex tachycardia
  • headache
  • dizziness
  • dwosiness
  • edema
  • nausea
  • constipation
34
Q

Angina medication management

A

…

35
Q

angina is what?

A

chest pain due to ischemia and imbalance of oxygen supply and demand

36
Q

medications for angina? (4)

A
  • nitrates (fist line)
  • beta blockers (first line)
  • Ca channel blockers
  • Ranolzine (second line)
37
Q

Nitrates do what?

A
  • first line
  • promotes nitric oxide release
  • causes vasodilation,
  • decreases preload
38
Q

Beta blockers do what?

A
  • first line

- reduces oxygen demand by limiting max stimulation (HR)

39
Q

Ca channel blockers do what?

A
  • blocks Ca re-entry

- reduces contractility, HR

40
Q

Ranolazine do what?

A
  • second line

- blocks Na channels but no impact on BP or HR

41
Q

Ischemic heart failure-medication management

A

…

42
Q

Ischemic heart disease

A

cardiac muscle has insufficient oxygen

43
Q

what do we need to do to treat ischemic heart disease?

A

reduce cardiac oxygen demand and increase cardiac oxygen supply

44
Q

5 meds for MI- mechanisms of action, side effects, purpose

What are the 5 medications?

A
  1. aspirin
  2. P2Y12 inhibitor
  3. Beta blocker
  4. Statin
  5. Ace inhibitor
45
Q

aspirin mechanism of action?

A

anti platelet agent

46
Q

aspirin side effect?

A
  • bruising

- GI intolerance

47
Q

P2Y12 Inhibitor mechanism of action?

A

anti platelet agent

48
Q

statin does what?

A

decrease cholesterol production in the liver

49
Q

statin mechanism of action?

A
  • up regulate LDL surface receptors
  • leads to increase LDL breakdown and decrease in VLDL production
  • leads to decrease in LDL production
50
Q

Statin leads to?

A
  • plaque reduction

- antioxidant effects and antithrobotic effects

51
Q

statin side effect?

A
  • myopathy
  • headache
  • HI
  • myalgia
52
Q

CHF and arrhythmia medications- purpose, side effects

A

…

53
Q

what is CHF?

A

chronic overwork of heart muscles which causes hypertrophic remodeling, reduced cardiac output, fluid retention

54
Q

CHF medications? (6)

A
  • cardiac Glycosides
  • Ace inhibitors
  • beta blockers
  • aldosterone antagonists
  • vasodilators
  • diuretics
55
Q

Aldosterone antagonisti?

A

inhibit aldosterone by inhibiting Na/K exchange site in distal tubule

  • excretes Na and H20
  • retains K

Pharm. Final (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions