Cardiovascular Pharmacology Flashcards
What are the categories of hypertensives?
What increases preload/afterload in the RAAS ?
What are the antihypertensives?
What are the angiotensin inhibitirs?
What are the diuretics?
What are the calcium channel blockers?
What are the B-adrenergic antagonists for antihypertensives?
What are the alpha antagonists?
What are the mixed a- and B- antagonists for antihypertensives?
What are the central a2 agonists of antihypertensives?
What are the direct vasodilators of antihypertensives?
What do ACE inhibitors do?
What are the effects of ARBs?
What are the MOA renin inhibitors?
What are the effects of thiazides?
What are the effects of loop diuretics?
What are the K-sparring diuretics?
What are the effects of calcium-channel blockers?
What are the adverse effects of B-blockers?
Adverse efffects: bradycardia; AV block, impotence, mask hypoglycemia, Dyslipidemia, exacerbate heart disease, exacerbate COPD, nightmares/sedation/ fatigue
B-blockers- atenolol/metoprolol/ propranolol/ labetalol/ pindolol
Propranolol- exacerbate COPD+ mask hyperglycemia
Labetalol/ pindolol doesn’t cause Dyslipidemia
What are alpha 1 blockers used for ? What are the adverse effects?
What are the adverse effects of alpha-2 agonists ?
What are the adverse effects of direct vasodilators?
What medications have theseadverse effects? Sedation, lethargy, xerostomia, impotence, rebound HTN, positive Coombs test, reversible lupus-like symptoms
Alpha-2 agonists
Clonidine- impotence, rebound HTN
Methyldopa- positive Coombs test, reversible lupus-like symp.
What meds cause these adverse effects? Reflex tachycardia, edema, drug induced lupus, hypertrichosis?
Direct vasodilators
Reflex tachycardia- give beta blocker
Edema- give diuretic
Hydralazine- causes drug induced lupus
Minoxidil- hypertrichosis
How can we treat hypertension in pregnancy ? What are the risks?
What drugs are used in hypertension and diabetes?
What drugs are used in Dyslipidemia?
What drugs are given in hypertensive crisis?
How does sodium nitroprusside affect afterload and preload?
Both Decrease
What are the adverse effects of sodium nitroprusside?
What’s the effects of fenoldopam?
What is the general treatment rationale for angina?
Contrast drugs that increase oxyfen supply and decrease oxygen demand
Describe ranolazine effects & adverse effects
What drugs are used in myocardial infarction?
What drugs are used in systolic heart failure?
What are the effects of digoxin?
What are The adverse and risks of digoxin?
A patient experiences adverse effects: vomitting, xanthopsia, hyperkalemia and arrythmias (decreased AV cond)
Digoxin
What drugs are used in diastolic heart failure?
What are the class 1A Antiarrhythmics?
Quinidine/Procainamide/Disopyramide
What are the classIB Antiarrhythmics?
Lidocaine/mexiletine
What are the class IC Antiarrhythmics?
Flecainide/propafenone
What are the class II Antiarrhythmics?
B-blockers: propranolol/metoprolol/ esmolol/ carvedilol
What are the class III Antiarrhythmics?
K+ channel blockers: Amiodarone/Sotalol/ Dofetilide/ibutilide
What are the class IV Antiarrhythmics?
Ca+ channel blockers: Verapamil/diltiazem
What Antiarrhythmics affect the SA node?
What Antiarrhythmics impact the AV node?
Ca+ channel blocks., B-blockers. & digoxin
How do class 1A Antiarrhythmics affect the action potential?
Discuss the adverse effects of Class 1A Antiarrhythmics
How do class IB impact the action potential?
What are the adverse effects of class IB
Arrhythmias
Convulsions/coma
What are the affects of Class IC on action potential?
What are the adverse effects of class IC Antiarrhythmics?
What is the impact of class 2 Antiarrhythmics in the action potential?
What are the adverse effects of class III Antiarrhythmics ?
How do class III Antiarrhythmics affect the action potential?
How do class IV Antiarrhythmics affect action potential ?
How does digoxin impact the heart? What is it used for?
What are the uses of magnesium?
What are the effects & uses & adverse effects of adenosine?
What drugs have an effect on the CVS?
