Cardiovascular Monitoring Flashcards
1
Q
What does the cardiovascular system do?
A
- Carry nutrient and oxygen to tissues and cells
- To transport waste products to the kidneys, liver and lungs
2
Q
List anaesthetic associated arrythmias?
A
- Sinus tachycardia/bradycardia
- Ventricular tachycardia
- Atrial fibrillation
- Sinus arrest
- AV block
- VPCs
3
Q
What does atrial fibrillation look like on a ECG graph?
A
- Normal QRS complexes
- Multiple P waves
4
Q
What causes atrial fibrillation?
A
- Primary heart disease
5
Q
How is atrial fibrillation treated?
A
- Treat underlying cause before anaesthesia
6
Q
What does ventricular tachycardia look like on a ECG graph?
A
- Loss of P and T waves, as QRS complexes supersede
7
Q
What causes ventricular tachycardia?
A
- Pain
- Stress
- Hypovolaemia
- Hypoxaemia
- Hypercapnia
8
Q
How is ventricular tachycardia treated?
A
- Fluid therapy
- Analgesia
- Reduction of volatile agent
- Administration of lidocaine
9
Q
What does ventricular fibrillation look like on a ECG graph?
A
- Irregular QRS complexes with loss of P and T waves
10
Q
What causes ventricular fibrillation?
A
- Medication overdose
- Anaesthetic overdose
Numerous disease processes
11
Q
How is ventricular fibrillation treated?
A
- Shock with defibrillator or a peri-cardial thump
12
Q
What does a sinus arrhythmia look like on a ECG graph?
A
- Normal PQRST but may be slow or fast
13
Q
What causes a sinus arrythmia?
A
- In healthy/very fit dogs
- Alpha-2-agonist drugs
- Vagal stimulation
14
Q
How is a sinus arrhythmia treated?
A
- Reverse drugs
- Stop vagal stimulation
15
Q
What does ventricular premature contraction (VPC) look like on a ECG graph?
A
- Wider QRS complexes and loss of P wave
