Admitting patients & pre-operative assessments Flashcards
1
Q
What does the Anaesthetic triad consist of?
A
- Unconsciousness
- Pain relief
- Muscle relaxant
2
Q
What does the pre-anaesthetic assessment consist of?
A
- Signalment
- History
- Physical examination
- Pre-anaesthetic blood tests
- Further diagnostic tests
3
Q
What is the American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade?
A
- 5 grades that show the level of risk from anaesthetic based on the animal’s health
4
Q
What is the ASA class I minimal?
A
- Normal healthy animals with no underlying disease
5
Q
What are examples of a ASA class I minimal?
A
- Spay
- Castrate
- Hip scores
6
Q
What is a ASA class II slight risk?
A
- Animals with slight to mild systemic disturbances and animals that are able to compensate and have no clinical signs of disease
7
Q
What are examples of ASA class II slight risk?
A
- Neonates
- Geriatrics
- Fractures without shock
- Well controlled endocrine disease
8
Q
What is an ASA class III moderate risk?
A
- Animals with moderate systemic disturbances and mild clinical signs of disease
9
Q
What are examples of ASA class III moderate risk?
A
- Anaemia
- Low grade heart murmur
- Low grade renal disease
10
Q
What is ASA class IV High risk?
A
Animals with pre-existing systemic disease or severe disturbances
11
Q
What are examples of ASA class IV high risk?
A
- Dehydration
- Shock
- Uraemia
- Pyrexia
- Uncompensating cardiac disease
12
Q
What is ASA class V grave risk?
A
- Life-threatening disease or disturbances; all moribund animals not expected to last >24 hours
13
Q
What are examples of ASA class V grave risk?
A
- Severe GDV
- Severe shock
- Advanced cardiac disease
14
Q
What should be checked in the physical examination?
A
- Cardiac and thoracic auscultation
- Body condition score
- Hydration test
- Patient temperament
- Breed specifics
15
Q
How is anaesthetic risk decreased?
A
- Premedication to reduce stress and anaesthetic requirements
- Oxygen supplementation and monitoring of respiratory and cardiovascular function
- Assessing cardiac rhythm
- Monitoring and support of body temperature
- Documentation of patient parameters during anaesthesia and recovery
