Cardiovascular- Level 1

Question 1

A-Fib (Atrial fibrillation)

Answer 1

Irregular beating of the atria. Can cause pooling of blood in the heart which can then lead to formation of a blood clot. Noted as an irregularly irregular rhythm upon physical exam

Question 2

A-flutter (Atrial Flutter)

Answer 2

Well organized but overly-rapid beating of the atria.

Question 3

Aneurysm

Answer 3

A localized widening of an artery or vein due to the vessel wall being weakened

Question 4

Angina

Answer 4

Chest pain due to ischemia (lack of oxygen) of the heart muscle.

Question 5

Arrhythmia

Answer 5

Irregular heartbeat

Question 6

Artery

Answer 6

Blood vessel which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart

Question 7

Bradycardia

Answer 7

heart rate which is slower than normal, less than 60 beats per minute for the average adult. Physically fit individuals (like runners) may have a resting heart rate with is normally below 60 BPM

Question 8

EKG/ECG (Electrocardiogram)

Answer 8

Measurement of the electrical activity of the heart

Question 9

Embolism

Answer 9

Obstruction of a blood vessel, typically by a blood clot or air bubble

Question 10

Hypertension

Answer 10

Repeatedly elevated blood pressure exceeding a systolic pressure of 140 mmHG or a diastolic pressure greater than 90 mmHG

Question 11

Hypotension

Answer 11

Low blood pressure, systolic pressure less than 90 mmHG or a diastolic pressure less than 60 mmHG

Question 12

MI (Mycardial Infarction)

Answer 12

Death of cardiac muscle due to ischemia (inadequate blood supply to the heart); a heart attack

Question 13

Murmur

Answer 13

Abnormal heart sound which is rated on a scale of 1-6

Question 14

Palpitations

Answer 14

A feeling or sensation of rapid, strong, or irregular heartbeat.

Question 15

Pericarditis

Answer 15

Inflammation of the pericardium, the saclike membrane surrounding the heart

Question 16

PVC

Answer 16

Pre-ventricular contraction, visible on an EKG

Question 17

Regular Rate

Answer 17

Heart rate which is between 60 and 100 BPM

Question 18

Regular Rhythm

Answer 18

The heart is in Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR)

Question 19

STEMI

Answer 19

ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction; a heart attack diagnosed when the EKG shows ST segment elevation.

Question 20

Stent

Answer 20

A small tube which is used to treat narrow or weak arteries. Used to treat coronary artery disease

Question 21

SVT

Answer 21

Supraventricular Tachycardia. Rapid heartbeat which develops due to a malfunction of the electrical system of the heart

Question 22

Tachycardia

Answer 22

Heart rate which is faster than normal, faster than 100 beats per minute

Question 23

Thrombus

Answer 23

Blood clot within a blood vessel which is impeding blood flow

Question 24

Vein

Answer 24

Vessel carrying blood towards the heart

Question 25

V-fib (Ventricular fibrillation)

Answer 25

Very rapid, uncoordinated fluttering contractions of the ventricles of the heart, requires immediate electrical cardioversion