cardiovascular health & disease Flashcards
1
Q
what is arterial disease and what can it lead to?
A
high blood pressure→Clogging of arteries with atheroma plaques
causes:
-restriction of blood flow & oxygen supply to cells & tissues
- increased risk of blood clots that can potentially block blood flow
2
Q
what are some modifiable risk factors for arterial disease?
A
- smoking
- high blood pressure
- diabetes mellitus
- dysplidaemia (unbalance of cholesterol)
- unhealthy diet
- obesity
- physical inactivity
- excess alcohol consumption
- stress
3
Q
what are non-modifiable risk factors of arterial disease?
A
- family history
- age
- sex differences
4
Q
what is ischaemic heart disease/coronary heart disease?
A
coronary arteries getting partially or completely blocked resulting in damage to cardiac muscle and impairment of heart function
5
Q
what are non-ischaemic heart diseases examples?
A
- Heart Valve Disease
- Congenital Heart Disease
- Intrinsic Disease of Cardiac Muscle (Cardiomyopathies)
- Cardiac Infections (Endocarditis, Myocarditis, Pericarditis)
6
Q
what are symptoms of heart disease?
A
- No symptoms (atheroma, atherosclerosis)
- Sudden death
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Swollen lower limbs
- Palpitations
- Dizziness
- Loss of consciousness
