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revision year 1 > Cardiovascular drugs > Flashcards

Cardiovascular drugs Flashcards

1
Q

name all the types of antihypertensive drugs

A 
ACEis
ARBs
Diuretics
BB
CBB
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2
Q

MOA ACEis

A

blockers production of ACE which converts angiontensin I - angiotensin II

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3
Q

U for ACEi

A

HT and HF

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4
Q

Egs ACEi

A

pril

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5
Q

SE ACEi

A

dry cough

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6
Q

when are ACEis contraindicated?

A

pregnancy and renal issues

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7
Q

ARB MOA

A

binds to angiotensin II receptors instead of angiotensin II receptors preventing rise in BP as no RENIN

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8
Q

Uses of ARB

A

HT, HF

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9
Q

Egs ARBs

A

sartan

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10
Q

Contraindications of ARB

A

renal and pregnancy

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11
Q

MOA beta blockers

A

binds instead of adrenaline to B receptors decreasing HR

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12
Q

what g protein does Bblockers bind to?

A

Gs protein

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13
Q

Uses BBLOCKERS

A

HT, HF, UA, Arrhythmias

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14
Q

egs B blockers

A

olol

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15
Q

name the beta recptor found in the heart

A

b1

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16
Q

name b1 selective bblockers

A

Atenolol and metoprolol

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17
Q

SE BB

A

heart block
bronchospasm asthma
hypoglycaemia esp diabetes

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18
Q

contraindications for BB?

A

asthma

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19
Q

d:chronotropic

A

affects rate

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20
Q

d:inotropic

A

affects contractility

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21
Q

when are alpha 1 antagonists used?

A

resistant HT

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22
Q

names alpha 1 anatgonist

A

‘sins’

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23
Q

MOA CCBs

A

block Ca2+ going into cells reducing contractiility decreasing CO and hence MAP

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24
Q

MAP equation with CO

A

MAP = CO X TVR

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25
Q

Use CCBs

A

HT

Angina

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26
Q

name dihydropyridine CCB

A

dipine

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27
Q

name benzothiazepine CCB

A

zem

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28
Q

name phenylakylamines CCB

A

pamil

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29
Q

SE CCB

A

ankle oedema

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30
Q

what must verapamil be avoided in

A

HF

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31
Q

name the 3 toyes of diurectics?

A

loop, k sparing and thiazide

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32
Q

where do diurectics act

A

nephron in the kidneys

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33
Q

strongest diurectic

A

Loop

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34
Q

MOA diurectics

A

stop NA+ being absorbed into blood and therefore water, so bp is reduced as less fluid rention in in blood

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35
Q

U diurectices

A

HF and HT thiazide

36
Q

lopp diurectic example

A

fruseomide

37
Q

thiazide diurectic example

A

benzopuremithiazide

38
Q

K sparing thiazide

A

spirolactone

39
Q

SE of loop diurectic and thazide

A

hypokalaemia, hyponeutraemia, increased gout

40
Q

SE k sparing

A

hyperkalaemia, metabolic acidosis

41
Q

name the classification by which the antiarrhythmic drugs are classified

A

vaughan williams

42
Q

what calss are Na+ channel drugs found in?

A

class I.

43
Q

what class are B blockers found in?

A

class II

44
Q

what class are K channel blockers found in?

A

class III

45
Q

ca2+ channel blockers are found in which class ?

A

class IV

46
Q

MOA adnensosine?

A

acivates K channels and deactivates l type Ca2+ channels, decreasing cintraction velocity

47
Q

uses of adenosine?

A

WPW syndrome, ATrial tachy (paraoxysmal)

48
Q

when must adenosine NOT be used?

A

AF and atrial flutter

49
Q

what does digoxin do?

A

increase force of contraction

50
Q

uses of digoxin?

A

AF, A Flutter and HF severe

51
Q

SE of digoxin

A

heart block VF, VT

52
Q

what are CLass I A+B used for

A

ventricular arrhythmias

53
Q

does class IA have a slow/fast refractory period?

A

slow

54
Q

what type of tissue does class IB work on?

A

ischaemic

55
Q

name class IA drug?

A

amide

56
Q

name class IB drug?

A

lidocaine

57
Q

What does class IC treat?

A

AF

58
Q

name a drug thats in class IC?

A

flucanide

59
Q

name 2 drugs in class III

A

amidarone and dronedarone

60
Q

pulmonary alveolitis (honeycombing) is a SE of what drugs?

A

CLASS III

61
Q

uses of class III

A

atrial and ventricular

62
Q

name a cox inhibitor antiplatlet?

A

aspirin

63
Q

name a ADP antagonist antiplatelet?

A

clopidegrel

64
Q

what type of drug is tricagrelor?

A

antiplatelet

65
Q

MOA of antiplatelets?

A

activate plasminogen-pkasmin dissolving thrombi

66
Q

Uses antiplatelets?

A

MI and UA

67
Q

name a drug in fibrinolytics?

A

strptokinase

68
Q

what is the rate limiting step in cholesterol synthesis?

A

HMG reductase

69
Q

describe the mechnism of statins?

A

cholestorol is synthesised in liver via cinversion of glucose-acetyl coA - LDL via HMG reductase, these block this
means compensatory mechanism is unblanced so extra LDL receptors released by liver to clear LDL

70
Q

what do you give is statin contraindicated?

A

fibrate

71
Q

MOA nitrates?

A

nitrates converted to NO, vasodilator, causes SM relaxation, easier for heart to beat

72
Q

name 2 nitrates?

A

GTN and isosorbide mononitrate

73
Q

which type of drug bypasses 1st pass metabolism?

A

nitrates

74
Q

anem the anticoagulant clases

A

vit k antagonists
glycoaminoglycans
syntheticpentasaccaride inhibitors
DOACs

75
Q

MOA vit k anatgonists

A

modifies clotting factors V,VII,IX,X

76
Q

eg k anatagonists

A

warfarin

77
Q

what must you monitor with warfarin and what should you keep it at?

A

2-3 INR

78
Q

what route must LMWH be given by?

A

SC

79
Q

MOA of LMWH/heparin?

A

inhibits factor Xa

80
Q

MOA fondaparinux?

A

inhibits factor Xa

81
Q

what class of drug does rivaoxaban belong to and what is its MOA?

A

inhibits factor Xa- DOACs

82
Q

what drug has a slate grey rash as a side effect?

A

amidarone

83
Q

what drug has a yellowed vision headache as a side effect?

A

digoxin

84
Q

what drug is a competative antagonist of muscarinic receptors and blocks parasympathetic responses which reverses bradycardia following an MI?

A

atropine

85
Q

SE of spironolactone?

A

gynaecomastia and hyperkalaemia

revision year 1 (7 decks)

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