Cardiovascular Disease Flashcards
1
Q
What are some non-modifiable risk factors?
A
- Older age
- Family history
- Gender (male)
2
Q
What are some modifiable risk factors?
A
- Smoking
- Alcohol consumption
- Poor diet (high sugar/fat, low fruit/veg)
- Low exercise
- Obesity
- Poor sleep
- Stress
3
Q
What are some associated co-morbidities?
A
- Diabetes
- HTN
- CKD
- Inflammatory conditions
- Atypical antipsychotic medications
4
Q
What are the complications of atherosclerosis?
A
- Angina
- MI
- TIA
- Stroke
- PVF
- Chronic mesenteric ischaemia
5
Q
What are the primary prevention strategies?
A
- Statins for patients with diabetes, CKD or a QRISK3 Score >10%
6
Q
What are the secondary prevention strategies? (Remember the 4 A’s)
A
- Aspirin
- Atorvastatin
- Atenolol (or other BB)
- ACE-inhibitor
7
Q
What are the important side effects of statins?
A
- Myopathy
- Type 2 diabetes
- Haemorrhagic strokes
