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Pharm I > Cardiovascular Chapter FLOW CHART > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Chapter FLOW CHART Flashcards

1
Q

Action: Increase strength of contractions
Decreases heart rate
antiarrythmic effects
Positive inotope

Use: Used for CHF

Low therapeutic index and many drug interactions

A

Digoxin

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2
Q

Action: Positive inotrope
Vasodilator

Uses: CHF

Comes in a chewable tablet

A

Pimobendan

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3
Q

Action: Bronchiole relaxation
Increased blood glucose
Increased heart rate
Increased contractility

Uses: bronchodilation
Cardiac stimulant

Alpha and Beta activity
EMERGENCIES ONLY

A

Epinephrine

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4
Q

Action: Increases HR and BP

Uses: AHF

Alpha I and Beta I activity
IV only

A

Dopamine

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5
Q

Class I Antiarrhythmic
Action: Blocks Na within myocardium

Uses: Ventricular arrhythmias

Oral dosing
Raises digoxin levels

A

Quinidine

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6
Q

Class I Antiarrhythmic
Action: Blocks Na within myocardium

Uses: Ventricular arrhythmias
PVCs

1/2 hr half-life
Do not mix with epinephrine
Cats are sensitive to this

A

Lidocaine

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7
Q

Class II Antiarrhythmic
Action: Blocks Beta I and Beta II
Reduces O2 demand

Uses: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Ventricular arrhythmias

Taper dose due to upregulation

A

Propranolol and atenolol

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8
Q

Class III Antiarrhythmic
Actions:Functions as a beta blocker

Uses: Ventricular tachycardias

Taper dose due to upregulation

A

Sotalol

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9
Q

Class IV antiarrhythmic
Action: Blocks Ca within the myocardium

Uses: Supraventricular tachycardias

Oral dosing

A

Diltiazem

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10
Q

Action: Vasodilators
Prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
Decreases aldosterone

Uses: heart failure
hypertension

Can cause hypotension or GI upset

A

Enalapril

Benazepril

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11
Q

Action: Dilates arteries

Uses: Decreases afterload with CHF

A

Hydralazine

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12
Q

Action: Dilates veins

Uses: Reduces preload to improve cardiac output
Reduces pulmonary edema

Used as a transdermal patch or 1/4 strip of ointment to ear

A

Nitroglycerin

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13
Q

Action: Inhibits movement of Ca

Uses: CHF

Can cause hypotension

A

Verapamil

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14
Q

Action: Dilates peripheral arteries

Uses: hypertension

Can cause anorexia

A

Diltiazem

Nifedipine

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15
Q

Action: interferes with conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

Uses: blood tubes
transfusion bags
thromboembolisms
DIC

Can cause bleeding and low platelets
Treat OD with Protamine sulfate

A

Heparin

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16
Q

Action: binds to Ca

Uses: Lavender top tubes
Lead poisoning treatment

Can cause renal toxicity

A

EDTA

17
Q

Action: binds with Vitamin K
Inhibits prothrombin

Uses: long term treatment of thromboembolisms

Can cause bleeding and weakness
Considered a blood thinner
Found in rat poisoning
Give Vitamin K for OD
AKA warfarin
A

Coumarin derivatives

18
Q

Action: anti-platelet activity
Inhibits thromboxane

Uses: Prevention of thromboembolisms with heart worm pts
Cardiomyopathy in cats from heart dz

Blood thinner that can cause GI bleeding
Stop taking these a week before surgeries
Caution with cats

A

Aspirin

19
Q

Action: part of the clotting cascade

Uses: Coagulatopathies
Coumarin OD
Rat poison ingestion

New clotting factors form 6-12 hrs post administration

A

Vitamin K1

20
Q

Action: synthetic, man made Vitamin K1

Uses: same as Vitamin K

A

Phytonadione

21
Q

Uses: Nutritional supplement
Anemia pts

Can cause muscle atrophy and discoloration at injection site
Oral and injectable

A

Iron

22
Q

Action: Hormone/protein made by the kidneys
Stimulates marrow to make RBCs

Uses: Treat anemia with chronic renal failure

Can cause allergic reactions
Must be refrigerated and monitor pt
Epogen

A

Eythropoietin

23
Q

Action: Works on Loop of Henle to inhibit Na reabsorption within nephron

Uses: Decreases edema with pts in CHF

Can cause hypokalemia
Oral: 30 min onset
Injectable: Immediate

A

Furosemide

24
Q

Action: Works on the DCT to inhibit Na reabsorption

Uses: Decreases edema seen with CHF

Hypokalemia
Mild diuretic

A

Hydrochlorthiazide

25
Q

Action: Works on the DCT to block aldosterone
Promotes water excretion
Retains potassium

Uses: Decreases edema seen with CHF
Ascites

Can cause hypokalemia

A

Spironolactone

Pharm I (7 decks)

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