Cardiovascular and Pulmonary: Cardiovascular Disease: Heart Failure

Question 1

Heart Failure

Answer 1

• A clinical syndrome in which the heart is not able to maintain adequate circulation of blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body

Question 2

Heart Failure: Types: Left Sided: Characteristics

Answer 2

• Pulmonary congestion
• Edema
• Low Cardiac output

Question 3

Heart Failure: Types: Left Sided: Caused by

Answer 3

• Back up of blood from left ventricle to left atrium. and lungs

Question 4

Heart Failure: Types: Left Sided: Back up of blood from ventricles caused by

Answer 4

• Insult to left ventricle from myocardial disease
• Excessive workload of the heart
• Cardiac arrhythmias
• Heart Damage

Question 5

Heart Failure: Types: Right Sided: Characteristics

Answer 5

• Increased pressure load on the right ventricle
• Higher pulmonary vascular pressures
• Mitral valve disease or chronic lung disease
• Jugular vein distention
• Peripheral Edema

Question 6

Heart Failure: Types: Bi-ventricular Failure: Characteristics

Answer 6

• Back up into the lungs
• Increased PA pressure
• Right ventricular signs of heart failure

Question 7

Heart Failure: Compensated

Answer 7

• Heart returns to functional status with reduced cardiac output and exercise tolerance

Question 8

Heart Failure: Compensated: Control achieved through

Answer 8

Physicological Compensatory Mechanisms
- SNS stimulation
- Left ventricular hypertrophy
- Anaerobic metabolism
- Cardiac dilation
- Arterial vasoconstriction
Medical Therapy

Question 9

Heart Failure: Decompensated

Answer 9

• Structural or functional change in heart leads to inability to eject and and/or accommodate blood within normal physiological levels
• Requires immediate medical attention