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Mort 163 Embalming Anatomy and Pathology > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two general roles of the vascular system?

A

Transport and gas exchange

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2
Q

What are the two roles of the vascular system in embalming?

A

Transport of embalming chemicals and distribution and diffusion of chemicals.

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3
Q

If you Inject into the common carotid artery what vein will you drain from?

A

internal jugular vein

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4
Q

If you Inject into the facial artery what vein will you drain from?

A

n/a

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5
Q

If you Inject into the Axillary artery what vein will you drain from?

A

Axillary vein

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6
Q

If you Inject into the Radial Artery what vein will you drain from?

A

n/a

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7
Q

If you inject into the Ulnar artery what vein will you drain from?

A

n/a

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8
Q

When injecting into vessels in the lower extremities which Artery is the only one that will also provide you with a drainage vein?

A

Inject into Femoral Artery and drain from the Femoral Vein.

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9
Q

Arteries always carry blood ____ the heart .

A

Arteries always carry blood away from the heart.

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10
Q

Which, veins or arteries have thicker walls ?

A

Arteries

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11
Q

What are the three layers of a vessel ?

A

Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica externa

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12
Q

Which layer of a vessel is composed of a layer of smooth muscle?

A

Middle layer

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13
Q

Why are capillaries important to embalming?

A

They are the microscopic blood vessels that allow the diffusion of embalming fluid into the tissues

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14
Q

What are capillaries made of CT specifically for and found?

A

They connect the arterioles to the venules , they lack smooth muscle

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15
Q

Define anastomosis

A

Joining of two like parts where the capillary bed/network is bypassed.
Vessels that bypass the capillary bed/ network

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16
Q

Define Collateral Circulation.

A

Circulation that will go around an area , due to an arterial blockage.

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17
Q

Describe the shape of the heart

A

blunt, cone shape with a base end and an apex end

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18
Q

Where is the heart located?

A

In the mediastinum

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19
Q

The apex of the heart is located inferioir and deep to_________

A

5th intercostal space

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20
Q

True or false the heart is the size of your fist

A

True

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21
Q

What are the three layers of the heart ?

A

Endocardium
myocardium
epicardium

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22
Q

What Tunic of the heart has a layer of simple squamous epithelium over a layer of CT that is similar to the material of the valves

A

Endocardium

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23
Q

What Tunic of the heart is the thick muscle layer responsible for the ability of the heart to contract

A

Myocardium

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24
Q

Which Tunic of the heart is a serous membrane made of simple squamous epithelium over loose CT and fat

A

Epicardium

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25
Oxygen rich blood enters the heart from the _____ and goes out to the ____
Oxygen rich blood enters the heart from the lungs and goes out to the body
26
Oxygen poor blood enters the heart from the ___ and goes out to the ___
Oxygen poor blood enters the heart from the body and goes out to the lungs
27
What is the membrane that is around the heart ?
pericardium
28
What are the two layers of the pericardium?
Serous layer | fibrous layer
29
What are the two components to the serious layer of the pericardium ?
Visceral(touches heart) | Parietal
30
What is the pericardial cavity filled with ?
serous, pericardial fluid
31
The atrium from which side of the heart receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cava .
Right Atrium
32
The Tricuspid valve is on what side of the heart ?
Right
33
The bicuspid valve is on what side of the heart ?
Left
34
Which Atrium will have the pulmonary veins?
Left
35
Why do we have the fossa ovalis in the septum between both atria?
It is unnecessary for blood to circulate through the pulmonary systems while in the womb because the oxygen is obtained by the mother . The septum allows the blood to bypass the pulmonary system and go directly to the left atria of the heart where it will go down to the left ventricle then to aorta and rest of body
36
The aortic orifice has what type of valve?
semi-lunar
37
What is also known as the cardiac center?
Medulla Oblongata
38
Where will the action potentials originate that make the heart beat?
The action potential originates in the Sinoatrial node and travels to the Atrioventricular node
39
Chronologically list the 4 places an action potential will travel in the heart
SA node AV node Bundle of His purkinje fibers
40
What makes the "lub dub" sound of the heart?
The AV valve
41
What makes the "lub " sound ?
blood moving from the atria to the ventricles through the tricuspid and mitral valve
42
What makes the "dub" sound?
blood moving from the ventricles through the semi lunar valve into the body.
43
Which AV valve is smaller? right or left?
The left, Mitral/bicuspid valve is smaller than the right tricuspid valve
44
Which ventricle wall is thicker? right or left?
The left ventricle wall is thicker because it has to push blood throughout the whole body. The right just allows blood in through the vena cava
45
How many liters of blood will an adult at rest pump per minute?If excising?
5 liters , 35 liters
46
What does starlings law say about the volume of blood?
amount that goes in determines volume being pumped out
47
Systemic circulation is blood that ___
is rich in oxygen and travels through arteries to all parts of the body
48
explain pulmonary circulation beginning with the right ventricle
deoxygenated blood leaves the right ventricle--> pulmonary arteries-->lungs-->pulmonary veins-> Left atrium
49
From where does the Aorta arise?
Left Ventricle
50
What arteries come off of the base of the Aorta?
Coronary arteries
51
What are the three arteries that come off the arch of the Aorta?
Brachiocephalic Left common Carotid Left Subclavian
52
Which of the three arteries that come off of the Aorta is an unpaired vessels?
Brachiocephalic artery on the right side of the body
53
The brachiocephalic artery feeds what parts of the body?
right side of head, neck, and arms. Think Brachio(arm)and cephalic(head)
54
The left and right common carotid arteries feed what parts of the body?
head and neck
55
The right and left subclavian arteries feed what parts of the body?
upper limbs
56
The celiac arteries(trunk or axis) supply what parts of the body?
stomach spleen liver
57
The superior mesenteric artery supplies what parts of the body?
small intestine and upper portion of the colon
58
The inferior mesentaric artery supplies what parts of the body
remaining lower potion of the colon
59
The lumbar arteries feed what parts of the body?
vertebrae and muscles
60
Median and sacral arteries feed what parts of the body?
inferior vertebrae
61
Where do the common iliacs terminate and what do they become?
they terminate at the 5th lumbar vertebrae and become internal and external iliacs
62
Which iliac artery feeds the pelvic area?
Internal illiac
63
Which iliac artery feeds the lower limbs ?
External iliac
64
How many openings are there in the human heart
11
65
Brachiocephalic exists only on what side of the body
Right side
66
Suprarenal arteries feeds what organ?
adrenal glands
67
What does the right subclavian artery feeds?
upper arm
68
What arteries does the circle of willis consist of?
basilar arteries , internal carotids
69
True or false basilar and anterior communicating arteries are paired .
false
70
____ always takes blood to the heart
veins
71
Which of the two , arteries or veins have thinner walls?
veins
72
What are the three layers of a vein and their description ?
Tunica Interna -valves to prevent back flow Tunica media - muscle layer Tunica externa- outer layer
73
venae camitantes
paired veins on either side of an artery to leach off of their pulse and aid in venous return
74
Inferior vena cava formed by the union of what two veins?
right and left common illiac veins
75
Ductus arteriosus becomes______
ligamentum arteriosum
76
What is the purpose of the Ductus arteriosus ?
to bypass the lungs | pulmonary trunk- aorta
77
Foramen ovale becomes ____
Fossa ovalis
78
What is the purpose of the foramen ovale
opening in the interatrial septum

Mort 163 Embalming Anatomy and Pathology (4 decks)

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