Cardiovascular

Question 1

pain of angina is caused by

Answer 1

insufficient oxygen in the heart muscles (ischemia of the myocardium)

Question 2

what is the natural pacemaker of the heart

Answer 2

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Question 3

common side effects of nitroglycerin include

Answer 3

dizziness, headache, hypotension

-renew supply every 3 months, avoid alcohol, protect drug from light

Question 4

what is heart failure

Answer 4

failure of the cardiac muscle to pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s metabolic demands; characteristics signs of HF include tachycardia and increased respirations

Question 5

what is the antagonist to heparin

Answer 5

protamine sulfate

Question 6

when one nurse is performing CPR on an adulat, what is the correct ratio of compressions to breaths?

Answer 6

30 compressions to 2 breaths

Question 7

what is hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 7

a thiazide diuretic that promotes excretion of sodium, chloride, water; and potassium

-side effects include hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, blurred vision, dry mouth, and hypotension; should be given WITH FOOD (MORNING TIME IS BEST BC IT CAUSES DIURESIS)

Question 8

what is verapamil

Answer 8

a calcium channel blocker that sometimes causes headache, constipation, fatigue, and dizziness; non-narcotic analgesia is often prescribed to treat the headache

-used for angina, HTN, dysrhythmias

Question 9

most common cause of shock

Answer 9

hypovolemia

Question 10

population who most commonly is found with intermittent claudication

Answer 10

men over age 45 and postmenopausal women