Cardiovascular Flashcards
Classic ECG finding in atrial flutter
“sawtooth” P waves
Definition of unstable angina
Angina that is new, is worsening, or occurs at rest
Antihypertensive for a diabetic patient w/ proteinuria
ACEI
Beck’s triad for cardiac tamponade
Hypotension, distant heart sounds, and JVD
Drugs that slow heart rate
Beta-blockers, CCBx, digoxin, amiodarone
Hypercholesterolemia treatment that leads to flushing and pruritis
Niacin
Murmur-HOCM
A systolic ejection murmur heard along the lateral sternal border. Increases w/ valsalva (decreased preload)
Murmur - Aortic insufficiency
Diastolic, decrescendo, low-pitched, blowing murmur that is best heard sitting up; increased w/ increased after load (handgrip)
Murmur - aortic stenosis
systolic crescendo/decrescendo murmur that radiates to the neck; increases with increased preload (squatting maneuver)
Murmur - mitral regurgitation
Holosystolic murmur that radiates to the axilla; increases w/ increased afterload
Murmur - mitral stenosis
Diastolic, mid- to late, low-pitched murmur preceded by an opening snap
Treatment for atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter
If unstable, cardiovert. If stable or chronic, rate control with CCBs or beta-blockers
Treatment for ventricular fibrillation
Immediate cardioversion
Dressler’s syndrome
An autoimmune reaction w/ fever, pericarditis, and increased ESR occurring 2-4 wks post-MI
Pulsus paradoxus
A decrease in systolic BP of >10mmHg w/ inspiration; seen in cardiac tamponade
