cardiovascular Flashcards
what does the truncus arteriosus become?
ascending aorta
pulmonary trunk
what does the bulbus cordis become?
outflow tract (smooth) of LV and RV
what does the primitive atrium become?
trabeculated part of LA and RA
what does the primitive ventricle become?
trabeculated part of LV and RV
what does the primitive pulmonary vein become?
smooth part of LA
what does the left horn of the sinus venosus become?
coronary sinus
what does the right horn of the sinus venosus become?
smooth part of RA
what do the R common and anterior cardinal vv become?
SVC
when does cardiac looping happen?
begins week 4
establish L-R polarity
** defect in L-R dynein –> dextrocardia (Kartagener!)
steps in atrial septation?
1) septum primum towards endocardial cushions, foramen primum narrows
2) foramen secundum forms in septum primum, foramen primum gone
3) septum secundum develops –> covers most of foramen secundum - residual = FO
4) septa fuse –> atrial septum
5) FO closes soon after birth bc of increased LA pressure
steps in ventricular septation?
1) muscular ventricular septum forms
2) aorticopulm septum rotates and fuses with muscular ventricular septum –> membranous interventricular septum
3) endocardial cushions grow, separate atria from ventricles and contribute to membranous portion of IV septum
steps in outflow tract formation?
1) truncus arteriosus rotates
2) neural crest and endocardial cells migrate –> truncal and bulbar ridges
3) ridges spiral and fuse –> aorticopulmonary septum
4) aorticopulmonary septum forms ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
order of location of fetal EPOesis?
1) yolk sac (3-8 wks)
2) liver (6 wks - birth)
3) spleen (10 - 28 wks)
4) BM (18 wks - adult)
order of fetal Hgb production?
1) zeta and episilon = embryonic globins, gone by wk 8
2) alpha and gamma dominate until close to birth
3) gamma begins to decrease shortly prior to birth, while beta increases
4) by 1 year postnatal, almost all HBA1 (alpha2beta2)
O2 in umbilical vein?
PO2 = 30
O2 sat = 80%