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First Aid CK Rapid Review > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

Classic ECG finding in Atrial Flutter

A

Sawtooth P waves

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2
Q

Definition of Unstable Angina

A

Angina is new
Angina is worsening
Angina occurs at rest

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3
Q

HTN Meds for Diabetic pt with Proteinuria

A

ACE-I

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4
Q

Beck’s Triad for Cardiac Tamponade

A

HypoTension
Distant Heart Sounds
JVD

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5
Q

Drugs that slow AV node transmission

A

BB
Digoxin
CCB

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6
Q

Hypercholesterolemia tx that leads to flushing and pruritus

A

Niacin

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7
Q

Murmur:

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM)

A

Systolic Ejection Murmur heard along the lateral sternal border that increases with Valsalva maneuver and standing

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8
Q

Murmur:

Aortic Insufficiency

A

Diastolic, decrescendo, high pitched, bowing murmur that is best heard sitting up

Increase with decreased preload (Hand-grip_ maneuver

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9
Q

Murmur:

Aortic Stenosis

A

Systolic Crescendo / Decreascendo murmur that radiates to the neck

Increase with increase preload (Valsalva Maneuver)

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10
Q

Murmur:

Mitral Regurgitation

A

Holosystolic murmur that radiates to the axillae

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11
Q

Murmur:

Mitral Stenosis

A

Diastolic, Mid to late, low pitched mumur

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12
Q

Tx for Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter

A

If unstable:
- Cardiovert

Stable
- Rate control with CCB or BB

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13
Q

Tx for Ventricular Fibrillation

A

Immediate Cardiovert

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14
Q

Autoimmune complication occurring 2 - 4 weeks post MI

A

Dressler’s Syndrome:

  • Fever
  • Pericarditis
  • Increase ESR
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15
Q

IV drug use with JVD and Holosystolic murmur at the left sternal border.

Treatment?

A

Tx existing heart rate

Replace tricuspid valve

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16
Q

Diagnostic test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

Echocardiogram

showing thickened left ventricular wall and outflow obstruction

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17
Q

Fall in systolic BP of >10 mmHg with inspiration

A

Pulsus paradoxus (Cardiac tamponade)

18
Q

Classic ECG finding in pericarditis

A

Low voltage

diffuse ST segment elevation

19
Q

Definition of HTN

A

B.P. > 140/90 on 3 seperate occasions two weeks apart

20
Q

Eight surgically correctable causes of HTN

A
  • Renal Artery Stenosis
  • Coarctation of Aorta
  • Pheochromocytoma
  • Conn’s
  • Curshings
    Unilateral Renal Parenchymal Disease
  • Hyperthyroid
  • Hyperparathyroidism
21
Q

Evaluation of a pulsatile abdominal mass and bruit

A

Abdominal U/S & CT

22
Q

Indiactions for surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm

A

> 5.5 cm
Rapid enlarging
Symptomatic
Ruptured

23
Q

Tx for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

A 
Morphine
02
Sublingual Nitro
ASA
IV BB
Heparin
24
Q

Metabolic Syndrome

A 
Abdominal Obesity
High Triglycerides
Low HDL
HTN
Insulin Resistance
Prothrombotic States
25
Q

Appropriate Diagnostic Test?

  • 50 year oldl man with angina can exercise to 85% of maximum predicted HR.
A

Exercise stress treatmill with ECG

26
Q

Appropriate Diagnostic Test?

65 y/o women with LBBB and severe osteoarthritis has unstable angina

A

Pharmacologic stress test

dobutamine echo

27
Q

Target LDL in pt with DM

A

<70

28
Q

Signs of active ischemia during stress test

A
  • Angina
  • ST segment changes on ECG
  • Decrease B.P.
29
Q

ECG finding of MI

A
  • ST segment elevation
    (depression means ischemia)
  • Flattened T waves
  • Q waves
30
Q

Coronary Territories in MI

A

Anterior wall (LAD / Diagonal
Inferior (PDA)
Posterior (Left circumflex / oblique, RCA / Marginal)
Septum (LAD / Diagonal)

31
Q

Young pt has angina at rest with ST segment elevation

Cardiac Enzymes are normal

A

Prinzmetal’s Angina

32
Q

Common symptoms associated with silent MIs

A
  • CHF
  • Shock
  • Altered Mental Status
33
Q

The diagnostic test for pulmonary embolism

A

V/Q scan or CT

34
Q

Agent that reverses the effects of heparin

A

Protamine

35
Q

Coagulation parameter affected by warfarin

A

PT

36
Q

Young PT with family history of sudden death collapses and dies while exercising

A

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

37
Q

Endocarditis prophylaxis regimens

A

Oral Surgery - Amoxicillin

GI / GU - Ampicillin and Gentamicin before and Amoxicillin after

38
Q

6 “P’s” of ischemia due to peripheral vascular disease

A
  • Pain
  • Palor
  • Pulselessness
  • Paralysis
  • Paresthesia
  • Poikilothermia
39
Q

Virchow’s Triad

A
  • Stasis
  • Hypercoagulability
  • Endothelial Damage
40
Q

MCC of HTN in young women

A

OCPs

41
Q

MCC HTN in young men

A

Excessive etOH

First Aid CK Rapid Review (15 decks)

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