Cardiovascular

Question 1

Aortic aneurysm

Answer 1

Diagnosis of enlarged aorta; due to a weakened aortic wall

Question 2

Aortic dissection

Answer 2

diagnosis in which the arterial wall splits apart

Question 3

Arrhythmia

Answer 3

Disturbance of rhythms in the heartbeat

Question 4

Aortic rupture

Answer 4

diagnosis in which the arterial wall breaks open as could happen in aortic dissection, ruptured aortic aneurysm trauma

Question 5

Atrial fibrillation

Answer 5

irregular beating of the atria; indicates that the sinus node is not conducting a normal sinus rhythm; “a fib”

Question 6

Atrial flutter

Answer 6

irregular beating of the atria; often described as “a-flutter w/ 2 to 1 block or 3 to 1 block”

Question 7

Atrial septal defect

Answer 7

ASD; a hole in the atrial septum that causes blood in the RA and LA to mix

Question 8

Bradycardia

Answer 8

Slow heart rate (HR<60)

Question 9

Cardiac ischemia

Answer 9

decreased blood flow through the coronary vessels and to heart; usually diagnosed by the ST segment depression on EKG

Question 10

Cardiomegaly

Answer 10

Enlarged heart

Question 11

Cardiomyopathy

Answer 11

Disease of the heart muscle

Question 12

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 12

dysfunction heart muscle bc of an enlarged heart

Question 13

Extrasystoles

Answer 13

extra beats of the heart heard during ausculation

Question 14

Friction rub

Answer 14

Described as grating, scratching sound of the heart indicative of pericarditis

Question 15

Gallop

Answer 15

3 or 4 sounds, resembling the sounds of a gallop

Question 16

irregularly irregular

Answer 16

heart rhythm for anyone w/ atrial fibrillation

Question 17

Murmur

Answer 17

Abnormal heart sound rated on 1-6 scale

Question 18

NSTEMI

Answer 18

None ST-segment elevation MI; a heart attack that is not diagnosed by any elevated troponin on blood test

Question 19

Pericardial tamponade

Answer 19

inflammation of the pericardium that exerts pressure on the heart and hampers its ability to contract normally

Question 20

Pericarditis

Answer 20

Inflammation of the pericardium that exerts pressure on the heart and hampers its ability to contract normally

Question 21

Pericarditis

Answer 21

inflammation of the pericardium evidenced on PE by the presence of a friction rub on heart auscultation

Question 22

Pulse exam

Answer 22

Carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, dorsal pedis (DP) or posterior tibia (PT)

Question 23

STEMI

Answer 23

ST elevation myocardial infarction; when the EKG shows “ST segment elevation” it indicates an acute heart attack

Question 24

Ventricular fibrillation

Answer 24

irreg beating of the ventricles; this is a terminal event that requires immediate electrical cardioversion

Question 25

Valvular vegetation

Answer 25

Infectious growth on the cardiac valves

Question 26

Ventricular septal defect "A VSD"

Answer 26

a hole in the ventricular septum that causes blood to mix btwn the RV and LV

Question 27

Ventricular wall thrombus

Answer 27

a blood clot that attaches to the inside wall of the ventricle; pieces of the thrombus can break off and spread to anywhere in the body leading to infarctions