Cardiovascular Flashcards
What is myelofibrosis?
- blood cancer
- affecting bone marrow
- more common over 50
How would myelofibrosis present?
- malaise, night sweats and weight loss, muscle loss, conjunctival pallor
- splenomegaly
- low haemoglobin, platelet count
- presence of poikilocytes (irregularity shaped blood cells)
What is pancytopenia?
decrease in haemoglobin, platelets and leukocytes
What is the diagnostic test for myelofibrosis?
bone marrow biopsy (marrow will be hyper plastic or hypoplastic)
What would be the blood profile of vitamin B12 def?
- pancytopenia
- megaloblasts
- macrocytic red cells
What would be the blood profile of vitamin B12 or folate def show?
- pancytopenia
- megaloblasts
- macrocytic red cells
What are the contraindications of ramipril?
- pre-renal AKI (reduces renal perfusion as dilates renal arterioles)
- angioedema
- dialysis
What is the diagnostic test of a UTI?
midstream urine culture
What is the haemoglobin transfusion threshold for patient below 65 with no CV problems?
Hb below 7g/dl
What is the Hb transfusion threshold for patient above 65 with no CV problems?
below 8g/dl
What is the Hb transfusion threshold for patient with CV problems?
below 9g/dl
What is the classic triad for AAA?
- pain flank/back
- hypotension
- pulsatile abdominal mass
Symptoms of subarachnoid haemorrhage?
- thunderclap headache
- nausea
- photophobia
- stiff neck
- loss of consciousness
- stroke symptoms
