cardioresp

Question 1

resp rate normal adult

Answer 1

12-20

Question 2

resp rate normal infant

Answer 2

30-50

Question 3

resp rate normal child

Answer 3

20-30

Question 4

bradypnea RR

Answer 4

<12 breaths/minute

Question 5

tachypnea RR

Answer 5

> 20 breaths/minute

Question 6

hypotension value

Answer 6

<90/60mmHg

Question 7

normal BP value

Answer 7

120/80mmHg

Question 8

hypertension BP value

Answer 8

> 140/90mmHg

Question 9

Orthostatic BP definition/drop mmHg

Answer 9

drop of systolic BP by 20 mmHg going from lying to upright

Question 10

signs of right sided heart failure

Answer 10

jugular vein distension, ascites, peripheral (dependent edema), increased peripheral venous pressure

Question 11

signs of left sided heart failure

Answer 11

pink frothy sputum, cyanosis, shortness of breath with exertion, cough, crackles

Question 12

green mucus with foul odor resp condition

Answer 12

bronchiectasis, lung abscess

Question 13

FEv1/FVC% definition

Answer 13

amount of air that can be expired in 1 second

Question 14

normal breathing pattern

Answer 14

diaphragm >70%, lateral costals <30% 1:2 ratio

Question 15

distress breathing patterns

Answer 15

apical, paradoxical (reverse pattern of ventilation (trauma) - inhale chest moves in and exhale chest wall expands, flail chest (rib #), use of abdominals to actively expire (floppy lung, emphesema)

Question 16

obstructive disease ratio of inspiration to expiration

Answer 16

1:3 or more air trapping

Question 17

restrictive disease ratio of inspiration:expiration

Answer 17

1:1

Question 18

barrel chest

Answer 18

AP to lateral ratio 1:1 hyperinflation, emphesema, increased lung compliance

Question 19

thick yellow mucopurulent sputum

yellow mucopurulent sputum

Answer 19

cystic fibrosis

infection (chronic bronchitis, pneumonia)

Question 20

pink frothy sputum

Answer 20

pulmonary edema, left sided heart failure

Question 21

normal capillary refill time

Answer 21

adults 2 seconds
older adults 4 seconds

Question 22

mediastinum shift away from affected lung

Answer 22

pneumothorax
pleural effusion
tumor/mass

Question 23

mediastinum shift towards affected lung

Answer 23

atelectasis
pleural fibrosis
pneumonectomy

Question 24

increased tactile fremitus (vibrations felt through hands while patient repeats “99” loudly)

Answer 24

more dense tissue (something else taking up space)
pneumonia
atelectasis
tumor
lung consolidation

Question 25

reduced tactile fremitus (vibrations felt through hands while patient repeats "99" loudly)

Answer 25

less dense tissue (air taking up space) pleural effusion pneumothorax emphysema COPD asthma

Question 26

percussion sounds - resonant

Answer 26

normal aerated lung tissue

Question 27

percussion sounds - dull

Answer 27

non-aerated lung tissue consolidation atelectasis pneumonia over organs tumor

Question 28

percussion sounds - hyperresonant

Answer 28

hyperinflated lung COPD pneumothorax

Question 29

MRSA is transmitted by..

Answer 29

contact

Question 30

Tuberculosis is transmitted by..

Answer 30

airborne

Question 31

Pneumonia is transmitted by..

Answer 31

droplets

Question 32

position for optimal V/Q matching right lobe atelectasis

Answer 32

left side lying "good lung down"

Question 33

breathing techniques that promote relaxation

Answer 33

pursed lip and diaphragmic breathing

Question 34

trendelenberg position

Answer 34

head tilted down 30'

Question 35

active cycle of breathing phases (3)

Answer 35

controlled breathing, thoracic expansion, forced expiration technique

Question 36

signs/symptoms to stop exercise session

Answer 36

moderately severe or increasing angina dyspnea dizziness/light-headedness ataxia cyanosis pallor excessive fatigue leg cramps/claudication diastolic BP > 110 mmHg systolic BP > 200 mmHg

Question 37

intervention for preventing atelectasis to splint airways open

Answer 37

incentive spirometer

Question 38

huff vs cough

Answer 38

huff = open glottis cough = closed glottis both = forced expiratory techniques

Question 39

suctioning procedure steps

Answer 39

infection control hyperoxygenation hyperinflation

Question 40

postural drainage position upper lobes apical

Answer 40

high sitting pillow behind 30 degree lean back

Question 41

postural drainage position upper lobes posterior

Answer 41

patient high sitting leans forward on pillow 30 degrees (reverse trenlenberg)

Question 42

postural drainage position upper lobes anterior segment

Answer 42

flat bed supine crook lying pillow under knees

Question 43

postural drainage position right middle lobe

Answer 43

trendelenberg (16"), left side lying 1/4 turn backwards to right

Question 44

postural drainage position left upper lobe lingular segments

Answer 44

trendelenberg (16"), right side lying 1/4 turn backwards to left

Question 45

lower lobe anterior basal segment position

Answer 45

trendelenberg (20"), side lying pillow under knees

Question 46

lower lobes lateral basal segment position

Answer 46

trendelenberg (20"), on abdomen, rotate 1/4 turn upward

Question 47

lower lobes posterior basal position

Answer 47

trendelenberg (20"), on abdomen pillow under hips

Question 48

lower lobe superior segments position

Answer 48

flat bed, on abdomen with two pillows under hips