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Intro to Clinics > Cardiopulmonary Assessment > Flashcards

Cardiopulmonary Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

What is the normal temperature for a newborn?

A

37 - 37.7 degrees Celcius

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2
Q

What is the normal PR for a newborn?

A

120-160 bpm

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3
Q

What is the normal RR = for a newborn?

A

30-80 breaths/min

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4
Q

What is the normal BP for a newborn?

A

50-52/25-30

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5
Q

What is the normal temperature for a 3 y/o?

A

36.9 - 37.5 degrees Celcius

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5
Q

What is the normal PR for a 3 y/o?

A

80-125 bpm

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6
Q

What is the normal RR for a 3 y/o?

A

20-30 breaths/min

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7
Q

What is the normal BP for a 3 y/o?

A

78-114/46-78

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8
Q

What is the normal temperature for a 10 y/o?

A

36.3 - 37 degrees Celcius

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9
Q

What is the normal PR for a 10 y/o?

A

70-110 bpm

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10
Q

What is the normal RR for a 10 y/o?

A

16-22 breaths/min

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11
Q

What is the normal BP for a 10 y/o?

A

90-132/50-86

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12
Q

What is the normal temperature for a 16 y/o?

A

36.4 - 37.1 degrees Celcius

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13
Q

What is the normal PR for a 16 y/o?

A

55-100 bpm

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14
Q

What is the normal RR for a 16 y/o?

A

15-20 breaths/min

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14
Q

What is the normal BP for a 16 y/o?

A

104-108/60-92

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15
Q

What is the normal temperature for an adult?

A

36 - 37.5 degrees Celcius

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16
Q

What is the normal PR for an adult?

A

60-100 bpm

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17
Q

What is the normal RR for an adult?

A

12-20 breaths/min

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18
Q

What is the normal BP for an adult?

A

<120/<80

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19
Q

What is the normal temperature for an older adult?

A

35.9 - 36.3 degrees Celcius

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20
Q

What is the normal PR for an older adult?

A

60-100 bpm

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21
Q

What is the normal RR for an older adult?

A

15-25 breaths/min

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21
Q

What is the normal BP for an older adult?

A

<120/<80

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21
Q

Normal BP values

A

<120/<80

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22
Q

Elevated BP values

A

120-129/<80

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23
Q

Stage 1 HTN values

A

130-139/80-89

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24
Q

Stage 2 HTN values

A

> 140/>90

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25
Q

HTN crisis values

A

> /160/>/120

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26
Q

Grade 0 pulse

A

Absent
No perceptible pulse even with max. pressure

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27
Q

Grade 1+ pulse

A

Thready
Barely perceptible; easily obliterated w/ slight pressure; fades in and out

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28
Q

Grade 2+ pulse

A

Weak
Difficult to palpate; slightly stronger than thready; can be obliterated w/ light pressure

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29
Q

Grade 3+ pulse

A

Normal
requires moderate pressure to obliterate

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30
Q

Grade 4+ pulse

A

bounding
Very strong; hyperactive; not easily obliterated w/ moderate pressure

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31
Q

Normal PAO2

A

80-100 mmHg

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32
Q

Moderate tachycardia

A

60-80 mmHg

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33
Q

50-60 mmHg

A

Malaise or nausea
Possible onset of respiratory distress
Restlessness

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34
Q

35-50 mmHg

A

respsiratory distress

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35
Q

25-35 mmHg

A

marked respiratory distress

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36
Q

<25 mmHg

A

Hypoventilation, apnea

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37
Q

Normal respiration

A

Eupnea

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38
Q

Slow respiration; <10 breaths/min

A

Bradypnea

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39
Q

Fast respiration; >24 breaths/min

A

Tachypnea

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40
Q

Normal respirations but abnormally deep and increase in rate

A

Kussmaul’s respiration

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41
Q

Irregular respirations of variable depth (usually shallow)

A

Biot’s respirations

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41
Q

Gradual increase in depth of respirations, followed by gradual decrease and then a period of apnea

A

Cheyne-Stokes respirations

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42
Q

Absence of breathing

A

Apnea

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43
Q

Body temperature is constantly elevated more than normal throughout the day but does not fluctuate more than 1.8 degrees F

A

Continuous/Constant/Sustained Fever

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44
Q

Body temperature alternates between periods of fever for some hours of the day with a return to normal for the remaining hours; seen in septicemia and malaria.

A

Intermittent Fever

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45
Q

Periods of fever are interspersed with normal temperatures; each last at least one day; seen in RA, Crohn’s disease, Malignancy, and Infections caused by ticks and lice

A

Relapsing/Recurrent/Periodic fever

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46
Q

Elevated body temperature throughout the day and fluctuates more than 3.6 degrees F within 24 hours and never returns to normal; seen in infective endocarditis and typhoid infection

A

Remittent

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47
Q

Barely perceptible depression

A

Grade 1+ edema

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48
Q

Easily identified depression; skin rebounds within 15 seconds

A

Grade 2+ edema

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48
Q

EID; skin rebounds within 30 secs

A

Grade 3+ edema

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48
Q

EID; skin rebounds > 30 secs

A

Grade 4+ edema

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49
Q

The volume of gas inhaled and exhaled during normal resting breath

A

Tidal Volume (500 mL)

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49
Q

The volume of gas that can be exhaled beyond a normal resting tidal exhalation

A

Expiratory Reserve Volume/ERV (1000 mL)

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50
Q

The volume of gas that can be inhaled beyond a normal resting tidal inhalation

A

Inspiratory Reserve Volume/IRV (3000 mL)

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51
Q

The volume of gas that remains in the lungs after ERV has been exhaled

A

Residual Volume/RV (1500mL)

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52
Q

The amount of air that can be inhaled from REEP

A

Inspiratory Capacity (IC)

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53
Q

The maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after maximum inhalation

A

Vital Capacity (VC)

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54
Q

Amount of air that resides in the lungs after normal resting tidal inhalation

A

Functional Residual Capacity

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55
Q

The total amount of air that is contained within the thorax during a maximum inspiratory effect

A

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

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56
Q

Angina Scale: 0

A

No angina

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57
Q

Angina Scale: 1

A

Light, barely noticeable

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58
Q

Angina Scale: 2

A

Moderate, bothersome

59
Q

Angina Scale: 3

A

Severe, very uncomfortable; pre-infarction pain

60
Q

Angina Scale: 4

A

Most painful experience; infarction pain

61
Q

What are the three walk tests?

A

6-minute walk test
Incremental Shuttle Walk Test
Gait Speed

62
Q

Borg CR10 Scale: 0

A

Nothing at all
No P

63
Q

Borg CR10 Scale: 0.5

A

Extremely weak
Just noticeable

64
Q

Borg CR10 Scale: 1

A

Very weak

65
Q

Borg CR10 Scale: 2

A

Weak
Light

66
Q

Borg CR10 Scale: 3

A

Moderate

67
Q

Borg CR10 Scale: 5

A

Strong
Heavy

68
Q

Borg CR10 Scale: 7

A

Very strong

69
Q

Borg CR10 Scale: 10

A

Extremely strong
Max P

70
Q

Borg CR10 Scale: 12

A

Absolute maximum
Highest possible

71
Q

Borg for Breathlessness: 0

A

Nothing at all

72
Q

Borg for Breathlessness: 0.5

A

Very, very slight

73
Q

Borg for Breathlessness: 1

A

Very slight

74
Q

Borg for Breathlessness: 2

A

Slight

75
Q

Borg for Breathlessness: 3

A

Moderate

76
Q

Borg for Breathlessness: 4

A

Somewhat severe

77
Q

Borg for Breathlessness: 5

A

Severe

78
Q

Borg for Breathlessness: 7

A

Very severe

79
Q

Borg for Breathlessness: 9

A

Very, very severe

80
Q

Borg for Breathlessness: 10

A

Maximal

81
Q

Tiny red or purple hemorrhagic spots caused by capillary bleeding

A

Petechiae

82
Q

The skin takes on a yellow-orange hue due to impaired liver function

A

Jaundice

83
Q

Reddened area of the skin caused by hyperemia

A

Errythema

84
Q

It is caused by bruising and may be seen anywhere on the body

A

Ecchymosis

85
Q

Caused by hypoxia from a blocked airway

A

Acute cyanosis

86
Q

Caused by hypoxia with color changes in the nail beds and lips

A

Peripheral Cyanosis

87
Q

What are the pulse palpation sites?

A

Temporal
Carotid
Brachial
Radial
Femoral
Popliteal
Pedal
Posterior Tibial

88
Q

Continuous of high or low sounds

A

Wheezes

89
Q

Fine discontinued sounds

A

Crackles

90
Q

Snoring

A

Stridor

91
Q

“99” “Tres tres”

A

Bronchophony

92
Q

“Ee” “Aa”

A

Egophony
There is fluid in air spaces

93
Q

S1 sound

A

Lub
Closure of the mitral and tricuspid valve

94
Q

S2 sound

A

Dub
Closure of the semi-lunar valves

95
Q

Resonant percussion

A

Normal lung tissue

96
Q

Hyperresonant percussion

A

Emphysematous or PTX

97
Q

Dull

A

Increased tissue density

98
Q

Where does atrial depolarization occur?

A

P-wave

99
Q

Where does the spread of depolarization and slight delay occur?

A

PR interval

100
Q

Where does the ventricular depolarization occur?

A

QRS complex

101
Q

Where does the period of slight pause occur?

A

ST segment

102
Q

Extraordinary magnitude of effort

A

4

103
Q

Major magnitude of effort

A

3

104
Q

Moderate magnitude of effort

A

2

105
Q

Light magnitude of effort

A

1

106
Q

No effort

A

0

107
Q

Class 1 pt w/ heart disease

A

4.0-6.0 cal/min
Max: 6.5 METS

108
Q

Class 2 pt w/ heart disease

A

3.0-4.0 cal/min
Max: 4.5 METS

109
Q

Class 3 pt w/ heart disease

A

2.0-3.0 cal/min
Max: 3.0 METS

110
Q

Class 4 pt w/ heart disease

A

1.0-2.0
Max: 1.5 METS

111
Q

Claudication Discomfort Grade 1

A

Initial discomfort

112
Q

Claudication Discomfort Grade 2

A

moderate discomfort but attention can be diverted to

113
Q

Claudication Discomfort Grade 3

A

Intense pain that can’t be diverted

114
Q

Claudification Discomfort Grade 4

A

Excruciating and unbearable pain

115
Q

Bluish gray discoloration of the skin and mucuous membranes

A

Cyanosis

116
Q

The skin takes on a lighter tone

A

Pallor

117
Q

Reddened area of the skin

A

erythema

118
Q

Diffuse redness of the face

A

Flushing

119
Q

What is the angle of the head in jugular vein distention

A

30-45 degrees with cervical spine in neutral position

120
Q

Ipsilateral mediastinal shift

A

Atelectasis
Pneumonectomy
Lobectomy

121
Q

Contralateral mediastinal shift

A

Edema
Pneumothorax
Abdominal Hernia

122
Q

Finger clubbing can be assessed using

A

the schamroth sign/window

123
Q

Finger clubbing is often associated with

A

decreased O2 states

124
Q

Whistling sound due to narrowed airways

A

Wheezing

125
Q

Harsh, high pitched crowing due to upper airway obstruction

A

Stridor

126
Q

Rattling or bubbling sound due to secretion

A

Crackles

127
Q

Indicative of emotional stress

A

Sigh

128
Q

Snoring due to obstruction

A

Stertor

129
Q

Loud lung sounds location

A

Tracheal
Bronchial

130
Q

Soft lung sound location

A

Bronchovesicular
Vesicular

131
Q

Where is the tracheal auscultated?

A

neck

132
Q

Where is the bronchial auscultated?

A

jugular notch

133
Q

Where is the bronchovesicular auscultated?

A

sternum

134
Q

Where is the vesicular auscultated?

A

Periphery

135
Q

Where to check for the symmetry of the upper chest?

A

sternal notch

136
Q

Where to check for the symmetry of the middle ches

A

xiphoid process

137
Q

where to check for the symmetry of the lower chest

A

spinous process
lower thoracic

138
Q

Clear, thin, and watery

A

transudate

139
Q

Clear or tinge of brown/red, thin, and watery

A

Serosanguineous

140
Q

Creamy, yellowish with moderate to very thick thickness

A

Exudate

141
Q

Yellow, brown with moderate to very thick thickness

A

Pus

142
Q

Hues of yellow, blue, and green and is thick

A

Infected pus

143
Q

Functional impairment grade 4

A

Normal

144
Q

Functional impairment grade 3

A

Slight impairment

145
Q

Functional impairment grade 2

A

moderate impairment

146
Q

Functional impairment grade 1

A

Severe impairment

147
Q

Functional impairment grade 0

A

Very severe impairment

148
Q

Distance for 6-minute walk test

A

25-35 meters

149
Q

Two cones are set to ID a 10m walking course

A

Incremental shuffle walk test

150
Q

Normal distance covered for incremental shuffle walk test

A

48 meters

151
Q

Pulmonary disease severity grade 0

A

Normal lung function

152
Q

Pulmonary disease severity grade 1

A

FEV is >/= 80%

153
Q

Pulmonary disease severity grade 2

A

FEV is 50-79%

154
Q

Pulmonary disease severity grade 3

A

FEV is 30-49%

155
Q

Pulmonary disease severity grade 4

A

FEV is <30%

156
Q
A

Intro to Clinics (9 decks)

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