Cardiomyopathy Flashcards
what conditions are hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy associated with?
wolf-parkinson-whyte syndrome
AF
what are the different types of cardiomyopathy?
hereditary
- hypertrophic CM
- arryhythmogenic CM
mixed
- restrictive CM
- dilated CM
secondary
- infiltrative e.g. amyloidosis
- inflammatory e.g. sarcoidosis
- infective e.g. Cocksackie B, chugs disease
- storage related e.g. haemochromatosis
- cancer therapy - doxorubicin
- neuromuscular e.g. frederickes ataxia
- nutritional e.g. thiamin e
- drugs e.g. alcohol
- endocrine e.g. thyroitoxicosis, diabetes, acromegaly
how is genetic CM inherited?
autosomal dominant
what is characteristic of the pulse in hypertrophic CM?
jerky pulse
what is fredrick’s sign and in what type of CM is it seen?
elevated JVP with diastolic collapse
- constrictive CM
what is kausmaul sign and in what type of CM is it seen?
large drop in BP during inspiration causing a faint/absent pulse on inspiration
- constrictive CM
what investigation is diagnostic for cardiomyopathy?
echocardiogram
what is the general management options for cardiomyopathies?
beta blocker if arrhythmia
cardiac resynchronisation
ICD
heart transplant
what are causes of secondary cardiomyopathy?
sarcoidosis amyloidosis coxsackie B virus Chagas disease diabetes thyrotoxicosis acromegaly haemachromatosis doxorubicin cancer therapy fredricks ataxia, muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy
features of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy ?
asymptomatic
exertion dyspnoea
syncope (usually following exercise)
sudden death
jerky pulse
large A waves
double apex beat