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Cardiology > cardiology drugs > Flashcards

cardiology drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Furosemide: Class

A

Diuretics

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2
Q

Furosemide: Subclass

A

Loop

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3
Q

Furosemide: Mechanism

A

↓Na/K/2Cl transport in ascending loop of Henle

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4
Q

Furosemide: Net Effect

A

↓Volume (↓Preload)

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5
Q

Furosemide: Indications

A

Pulmonary Edema, HF

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6
Q

Furosemide: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

↓K, ↓Mg, ↓BP, resistance, can increase RAAS

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7
Q

Furosemide:

A

↓K, hypotension, dehydration, SULFA DRUG!

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8
Q

Bumetanide: Indications

A

HF (loop diuretic)

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9
Q

Torsemide: Indications

A

HF (loop dieurtic)

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10
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ): Subclass

A

Thiazides

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11
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ): Mechanism

A

↓NaCl reabsorb, distal convoluted tubule

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12
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ): Indications

A

HTN, HF (mild/synergism) good for elderly HTN

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13
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ): AE

A

↑Gluc, Ca, lipids, ineffective in renal dysfunction

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14
Q

Spironolactone: Subclass

A

K+ Sparing (Aldosterone Inhibitors)

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15
Q

Spironolactone: Mechanism

A

Inhibits NaK transporter in collecting duct, inhibits RAAS

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16
Q

Spironolactone: Indications

A

HF

↓Cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy

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17
Q

Spironolactone:

A

↑K, gynecomastia, renal dysfunction, low BP

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18
Q

Eplerenone: Indications

A

Same as spironolactone: aldosterone antagonist for HF, post MI, causes hyperkalemia and gynecomastia

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19
Q

Digoxin: Class

A

Inotropes + Pressors

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20
Q

Digoxin: Subclass

A

Cardiac Glycosides

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21
Q

Digoxin: Mechanism

A

↓Na/K ATPase in myocytes

Increase intracellular Na, more Na/Ca exchange, more intracellular Ca

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22
Q

Digoxin: Net Effect

A

↑Contractility AND ↓AV conduction (sympathetic outflow)

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23
Q

Digoxin: Indications

A

HF w/↓EF, SVA Rate Control AND A.Fib w/ rapid response (esp. CHF)

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24
Q

Digoxin: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Sympathoinhibition (↓S, ↑PS) AND AV block, bradycardia, small therapeutic window

Seeing yellow!

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25
Q

Dopamine: Subclass

A

Beta agonist

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26
Q

Dopamine: Mechanism

A

Beta activation increases cAMP, increases intracellular Ca

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27
Q

Dopamine: Net Effect

A

Increased contractility

Symp. Effects: ↑CO, ↑BP

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28
Q

Dopamine: Indications

A

HF with low BP or shock

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29
Q

Dopamine: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Tachycardia, arrhythmias, SCD, hypersensitivity, eosinophilic myocarditis, renal artery dilation at low doses

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30
Q

Dobutamine: Mechanism

A

β1, β2 agonist (cAMP)

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31
Q

Dobutamine: Indications

A

Heart Failure: increases contractility

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32
Q

Isoproterenol: Mechanism

A

β1, β2

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33
Q

Isoproterenol: Indications

A

Bradycardia, heart block

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34
Q

Epinephrine: Mechanism

A

All

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35
Q

Epinephrine: Indications

A

Cardiac arrest

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36
Q

Norepinephrine: Mechanism

A

All but β2

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37
Q

Norepinephrine: Indications

A

HF, peripheral vasodilation

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38
Q

Milrinone: Subclass

A

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

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39
Q

Milrinone: Mechanism

A

Indirect β activity: intracellular PDE3 inhibition increases cAMP, increases intracellular Ca

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40
Q

Milrinone: Net Effect

A

↑CO, vasodil.

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41
Q

Milrinone: Indications

A

HF (refractory)

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42
Q

Milrinone: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Vasodilation, arrhythmias, renal, SCD

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43
Q

Vasopressin: Subclass

A

Anti-Diuretic Hormone

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44
Q

Vasopressin: Mechanism

A

↑Renal aquaporins

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45
Q

Vasopressin: Net Effect

A

↑Volume

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46
Q

Vasopressin: Indications

A

Vasodilatory shock

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47
Q

Vasopressin: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

↓Na (vaptans prevent this)

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48
Q

Captopril (Quick acting): Class

A

Vasodilators (all ↓BP to some extent)

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49
Q

Captopril (Quick acting): Subclass

A

ACE inhibitors (-april)

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50
Q

Captopril (Quick acting): Mechanism

A

↓Angiotensin converting enzyme, ↓AT-II activity

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51
Q

Captopril (Quick acting): Net Effect

A

A+V dilation (balanced vasodilation) (↓preload + afterload)

Reverse fibrolysis, remodeling

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52
Q

Captopril (Quick acting): Indications

A

HF, HTN, Post-MI, Kidney Dz in DM

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53
Q

Captopril (Quick acting): Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Hypotension, ↑K, renal, angioedema, avoid in pregnancy, persistent cough

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54
Q

ARBs

A

Candesartan, Valsartan, Losartan

-sartan

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55
Q

Candesartan: Mechanism

A

Block AT-I receptor, ↓AT-II activity

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56
Q

Candesartan: Net Effect

A

A+V dilation

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57
Q

Candesartan: Indications

A

HF, HTN, Kidney Dz in DM

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58
Q

Candesartan: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Hypotension, ↑K, renal, angioedema, avoid in pregnancy. Use in ACEi-intolerance or escape

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59
Q

Hydralazine: Subclass

A

Direct-Acting Vasodilators

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60
Q

Hydralazine: Mechanism

A

?

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61
Q

Hydralazine: Net Effect

A

Arteriole dilation only, not veins!

Decrease BP, increase sympathetic tone (reflex tach)

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62
Q

Hydralazine: Indications

A

HTN, HF (with nitrate), Ischemic HD, SVA (More benefit in African Americans)

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63
Q

Hydralazine: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Drug-induced lupus, reflex tach, hypotension, headache, flushing, 3/day

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64
Q

Minoxidil: Mechanism

A

↑K channel perm. Relaxes smooth muscle. Is Rogaine!

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65
Q

Minoxidil: Net Effect

A

A dilation only

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66
Q

Minoxidil: Indications

A

Severe/refractory HTN

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67
Q

Minoxidil: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Reflex tach, hair growth (Rogaine), 2x a day, fluid retention

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68
Q

Sodium Nitroprusside: Mechanism

A

↑NO

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69
Q

Sodium Nitroprusside: Net Effect

A

A+V dilation

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70
Q

Sodium Nitroprusside: Indications

A

HTN Emergency, Severe HF

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71
Q

Sodium Nitroprusside: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

→Thiocyanate! Renal, blurred vision, tinnitus, rapid effect (wanes in minutes)

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72
Q

Fenoldopam: Mechanism

A

Peripheral dopamine-1 receptor agonist

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73
Q

Fenoldopam: Net Effect

A

A dilation only

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74
Q

Fenoldopam: Indications

A

Severe HTN

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75
Q

Fenoldopam: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Rapid acting, ↑renal perfusion, liver metabolism.

Increases intraocular pressure: don’t use with glaucoma

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76
Q

Verapamil, diltiazem Subclass

A

Calcium Channel Blockers (non dihydropine)

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77
Q

Verapamil, diltiazem: Mechanism

A

Block Voltage-gated L-type calcium channels, ↓Ca influx, ↓intracellular Ca available

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78
Q

Verapamil, Diltiazem: Net Effect

A

↓Contractility,↓AV > SA node

Decrease afterload.

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79
Q

Verapamil, diltiazem: Indications

A

Ischemic HD, angina, CA spasm, HTN, supraventricular arrhythmias

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80
Q

Verapamil, diltiazem: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Hypotension, bradycardia, edema, constipation, ok in renal failure
Not good in HF, low EF: negative inotropic agents.

V causes constipation, AV block. D causes peripheral edema and CHF

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81
Q

Dihydropyridines

A

-dipine: amlo, felo, nife

Block peripheral L type Ca channeels

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82
Q

Dihydropyridines : Indications

A

HTN, Ischemic HD, angina, CA spasms

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83
Q

Dihydropyridines : Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Decreased BP, HA, flushing

Amlodipine: peripheral edema

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84
Q

Nitroglycerin: Subclass

A

Organic Nitrates

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85
Q

Nitroglycerin: Mechanism

A

Venodilation, decrease preload, CO, BP

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86
Q

Nitroglycerin: Net Effect

A

V dilation only

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87
Q

Nitroglycerin: Indications

A

Ischemic HD, CHF (+Hydralazine), angina, acute coronary

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88
Q

Nitroglycerin: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Many routes. Drug “holiday.” vasodilator side effects.

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89
Q

Nesiritide: Mechanism

A

Mimics BNP

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90
Q

Nesiritide: Net Effect

A

A+V dilation

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91
Q

Nesiritide: Indications

A

Refractory HF

92
Q

Nesiritide: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Bolus dose, expensive

93
Q

Sildenafil: Mechanism

A

Inhibits cGMP breakdown

94
Q

Sildenafil: Net Effect

A

Pulm. dilation, specific increase in O2

95
Q

Sildenafil: Indications

A

Pulm. HTN

96
Q

Sildenafil: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Viagra. Don’t use with Nitrates

97
Q

Clonidine: Class

A

Antiadrenergic Drugs

98
Q

Clonidine: Subclass

A

CNS α2 Agonists

With alpha methyldopa, guanabenz, guanfacine

99
Q

Clonidine: Mechanism

A

↑α2 (↓NE release from presynaptic), ↓sympathetics

100
Q

Clonidine: Net Effect

A

↓PVR, ↓CO, ↓HR

101
Q

Clonidine: Indications

A

Refractory HTN

102
Q

Clonidine: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Rebound HTN (withdrawal phenomenon). α-methyldopa safe in pregnancy

103
Q

Prazosin: Subclass

A

α 1 Blockers,

With terazosin, doxazosin

104
Q

Prazosin: Mechanism

A

↓α1

105
Q

Prazosin: Net Effect

A

Mixed Vasodilation

106
Q

Prazosin: Indications

A

HTN, BPH

107
Q

Prazosin: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Orthostatic hypotension, HA, dizziness

108
Q

Phentolamine: Mechanism

A

↓α1 + ↓α2

With phenoxybenzamine

109
Q

Phentolamine: Net Effect

A

Mixed Vasodilation

110
Q

Phentolamine: Indications

A

Pheochromocytoma

111
Q

Phentolamine: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Reflex tachycardia, arrhythmia, orthostatic hypotension

112
Q

Metoprolol (β1 specific): Subclass

A

β Blockers (-lol) AND II: Beta Blockers (-lol)

With bisoprolol, carvedilol, esmolol, labetolol

113
Q

Metoprolol (β1 specific): Mechanism

A

↓β1, slows SA rate, prolongs AV de/repolarization

114
Q

Metoprolol (β1 specific): Net Effect

A

↓HR, CO, SVR AND ↓HR, CO, SVR by ↓sympathetic

115
Q

Metoprolol (β1 specific): Indications

A

Ischemic HD, HF AND SVT, VT, PVCs

116
Q

Metoprolol (β1 specific): Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Hypotension, bradycardia, hypoperfusion, fatigue, dizziness, broncho/vasospasm

Don’t use for sinus tachy

117
Q

Labetalol: Indications

A

HTN, Arrhythmias

118
Q

Disopyramide: Class

A

Antiarrhythmic Drugs

119
Q

Disopyramide: Subclass

A

Ia: Moderate Na Channel Blockers

With quinidine, procainamide

120
Q

Disopyramide: Mechanism

A

Block Na channels medium

121
Q

Disopyramide: Net Effect

A

↑Action potential duration

Decrease slope of phase 0

122
Q

Disopyramide: Indications

A

SVT, AF, VT (not used much)

Procainamide for WPW if BP is good

123
Q

Disopyramide: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Not for Long QT, renal dysfuction, vagolytic symptoms (↓PS outflow)

Procainamide causes lupus like syndrome

124
Q

Lidocaine: Subclass

A

Ib: Mild Na Channel Blockers

IV, With mexiletine (oral) and phenytoin (anti-seizure)

125
Q

Lidocaine: Mechanism

A

Block (open) Na channels a bit

126
Q

Lidocaine: Net Effect

A

Shorten repolarization

127
Q

Lidocaine: Indications

A

VT, torsade, long QT

128
Q

Lidocaine: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Use dependence (more effect at ↑HR), confusion dizziness seizures, ↓QT

129
Q

Propafenone: Subclass

A

Ic: Marked Na Channel Blockers

With flecainide and propafenone

130
Q

Propafenone: Mechanism

A

Block Na channels a lot

131
Q

Propafenone: Net Effect

A

Widen QRS

132
Q

Propafenone: Indications

A

A.Fib, Refractory SVT

133
Q

Propafenone: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Proarrhythmic (v.tach caused by ↓a.flutter), paresthesias, diplopia, chest pain

134
Q

Amiodarone (↓HR): Subclass

A

III: K Channel Blockers

With sotalol, dofetilide, amiodarone, ibutilide, dronedarone

135
Q

Amiodarone (↓HR): Mechanism

A

Blocks K channels, extending refractory period

136
Q

Amiodarone (↓HR): Net Effect

A

Prolong repolarization (AP duration), prevent reentrant loops

137
Q

Amiodarone (↓HR): Indications

A

Recurrent VT, A.Fib, A.Flutter

138
Q

Amiodarone (↓HR): Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Cause long QT\torsades

~I, II, III, IV, but lots of side effects

139
Q

Sotalol: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

All K blockers: Long QT / Torsades, reverse-use dependence (more effect at ↓HR)

140
Q

Dofetilide: Indications

A

A.Fib, A.Flutter

141
Q

Dronedarone: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Dronedarone is like amiodarone minus iodine, but ↑mortality :(

142
Q

Diltiazem: Subclass

A

IV: Ca Channel Blockers

143
Q

Diltiazem: Mechanism

A

↓L-type Ca channels

144
Q

Diltiazem: Net Effect

A

↓AP rise, ↑AV repolarization, ↑SA threshold, ↓HR

145
Q

Diltiazem: Indications

A

Rate control (A.Fib/Flutter, SVT)

146
Q

Diltiazem: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Use dependence (more effect at ↑HR), bradycardia, CHF, fatigue, best for black males

147
Q

Adenosine: Subclass

A

Endogenous Nucleoside

148
Q

Adenosine: Mechanism

A

Binds adenosine A1 receptor in AV NODE

149
Q

Adenosine: Net Effect

A

↓SA, AV node conduction

By decreased cAMP, decreased automaticity

150
Q

Adenosine: Indications

A

Reentrant SVT

151
Q

Adenosine: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

SA node slowing (↓HR), AV block, asystole, A.fib, bronchospasm

Less than 10s halflife. Not for asthmatics

152
Q

Atropine: Subclass

A

Anticholinergic

153
Q

Atropine: Mechanism

A

↓Acetylcholine. Competitve antagonist for muscarinic ach receptors

154
Q

Atropine: Net Effect

A

↓Parasymp.

155
Q

Atropine: Indications

A

Symptomatic sinus bradycardia, AV block

156
Q

Atropine: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Tachycardia, urinary retention, vagolytic

157
Q

Aspirin: Class

A

Antithrombotics

158
Q

Aspirin: Subclass

A

Platelet Inhibitors (Arterial)

With dipyridamole, mechanism unknown

159
Q

Aspirin: Mechanism

A

Irreversibly ↓COX

160
Q

Aspirin: Net Effect

A

↓aggregation

161
Q

Aspirin: Indications

A

Ischemic HD, stroke, A.Fib (if warfarin is counterindicated)

162
Q

Aspirin: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

81mg qd, aspirin before NSAIDs

163
Q

ADPr Inhibitors (Thienopyridines): Mechanism and Names

A

Block P2Y12 receptor, ↓ADP-induced platelet activation

Ticlodipine, clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor

164
Q

ADPr Inhibitors (Thienopyridines): Net Effect

A 
Ticlodipine inhibits,
Clopidogrel competitively inhibits,
Prasugrel irreversibly inhibits,
Ticagrelor reversibky inhibits ADP receptor.
All prevent clotting.
165
Q

ADPr Inhibitors (Thienopyridines): Indications

A

Unstable angina, MI (NSTEMI and STEMI), post-cardiac cath

166
Q

ADPr Inhibitors (Thienopyridines): Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Long-acting, irreversible, TTP, bleeding, neutropenia (side effects with 1 doesn’t rule out other 2) clop and pras are once daily prodrugs, tica is active, 2x a day

167
Q

Gp IIb/IIIa Inhibitors: Mechanism and names

A

↓Fibrinogen-induced platelet aggregation
Abciximab, an Fab fragment
Eptifibatide, a peptide-based antagonist
Tirofiban, a small molecule inhibitor

168
Q

Gp IIb/IIIa Inhibitors: Net Effect

A

Functionally 0 platelet activity

169
Q

Gp IIb/IIIa Inhibitors: Indications

A

Unstable angina, post-coronary intervention (blocks re-stenosis)

170
Q

Gp IIb/IIIa Inhibitors: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Significant bleeding risk, thrombocytopenia (duh), not long-term solution, IV only

171
Q

Unfractionated Heparin: Subclass

A

Anticoagulant Drugs (Venous)

172
Q

Unfractionated Heparin: Mechanism

A

↑Antithrombin-III inactivation of clotting cascade

173
Q

Unfractionated Heparin: Net Effect

A

Prevention of thrombosis

174
Q

Unfractionated Heparin: Indications

A

Short term anticoag

175
Q

Unfractionated Heparin: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Cheap, reversible (protamine), but requires continuous monitoring

176
Q

LMWH (Enoxaparin): Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

No monitoring, subQ, x-react with HIT, ↑bioavailability, $$$$, renal

177
Q

Warfarin (Coumadin): Mechanism

A

↓Vit K carboxylase

178
Q

Warfarin (Coumadin): Net Effect

A

↓Vit K, inhibits clot formation

179
Q

Warfarin (Coumadin): Indications

A

Long term anticoag: A.Fib, Post-MI prophylaxis

180
Q

Warfarin (Coumadin): Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Delayed onset, DDI, antidote = vitK

181
Q

Factor Xa Inhibitors: Mechanism and names

A

Inhibit Factor Xa

Rivaroxiban (oral), apixaban

182
Q

Factor Xa Inhibitors: Net Effect

A

Reduces thrombo-embolic risk by inhibiting clot formation

183
Q

Factor Xa Inhibitors: Indications

A

VTE Tx/prophylaxis, non-valvular A.Fib to prevent stroke, post-op DVT prophylaxis

184
Q

Factor Xa Inhibitors: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Fondaparinux = IV, Rivaroxaban = oral. >LMWH in VTE prophylaxis

185
Q

Direct Thrombin Inhibitors: Mechanism and name

A

Block active site of thrombin

Dabigatran

186
Q

Direct Thrombin Inhibitors: Net Effect

A

↓Free + clot-bound thrombin

187
Q

Direct Thrombin Inhibitors: Indications

A

ACS, coronary interventions, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, stroke prevention in nonvalvular afib

188
Q

Direct Thrombin Inhibitors: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Irreversible, useful for those with history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

189
Q

Dabigatran: Indications

A

Anticoag for A.Fib, stroke prevention

190
Q

Dabigatran: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Oral, no DDI or monitoring. GI.

191
Q

Streptokinase: Subclass

A

Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics

With urokinase, TPA (tissue plasminogen activator)

192
Q

Streptokinase: Mechanism

A

↑Plasminogen (directly or indirectly)

193
Q

Streptokinase: Net Effect

A

Lyses preexisting clots (but ↑risk of hemorrhage)

194
Q

Streptokinase: Indications

A

Acute MI, other thrombosis, stroke

195
Q

Streptokinase: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Allergies, indirect activation, hemmorhage

196
Q

Urokinase: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Originally derived from urine

197
Q

tPA: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

More specific to clots

198
Q

Alteplase: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

tPA derivatives with longer half-lives, can be delivered as bolus

199
Q

Lovastatin: Class

A

Lipid-Regulating Drugs

200
Q

Lovastatin: Subclass

A

HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
With simvastatin (also a prodrug)
And pravastatin, fluvastatin, rosuvastatin, atorvastatin

201
Q

Lovastatin: Mechanism

A

Competitively inhibit HMG CoA reductase (cholesterol synthesis)

202
Q

Lovastatin: Net Effect

A

↓Cholesterol synthesis, ↑LDLr activity, ↑LDL clearance, ↓↓LDL

203
Q

Lovastatin: Indications

A

High cholesterol, post MI tx

204
Q

Lovastatin: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Hepatic metabolism, dose response plateaus. Side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis. Good side effects: ↑NO, ↓vSMC, MMP, inflammation

CYP450, means drug interactions

205
Q

Cholestyramine: Subclass

A

Bile Acid Sequestrants

With colestipol, colesevelam

206
Q

Cholestyramine: Mechanism

A

↓Bile acid reabsorption from intestine into liver

207
Q

Cholestyramine: Net Effect

A

↑LDL clearing to replace bile acids, ↓LDL

208
Q

Cholestyramine: Indications

A

High cholesterol

209
Q

Cholestyramine: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Epigastric distress, constipation, muscle aches, interferes with other drugs absorption . Good side effects: ↓blood glucose in T2DM

210
Q

Ezetimibe: Subclass

A

Cholesterol Absorp. Inhibitor

211
Q

Ezetimibe: Mechanism

A

↓NPC1 hepatic intracellular cholesterol, increases LDL clearance

212
Q

Ezetimibe: Net Effect

A

↓LDL

213
Q

Ezetimibe: Indications

A

High cholesterol

214
Q

Ezetimibe: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Cholesterol-specific, so diet still important (limit saturated FA)

215
Q

Gemfibrozil: Subclass

A

Fibrates

With fenpfibrate, clofibrate

216
Q

Gemfibrozil: Mechanism

A

↑LPL, ↑VLDL/LDL catabolism

217
Q

Gemfibrozil: Net Effect

A

↓↓TG, ↑Conversion of VLDL, remnant clearance, more HDL

218
Q

Gemfibrozil: Indications

A

Lipid abnormalities in: (metabolic syndrome/DM + low HDL + high TG)

219
Q

Gemfibrozil: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

GI, gallstones, ↑LDL, ↓libido

Myopathy with statin!

220
Q

Niacin: Subclass

A

Niacin

221
Q

Niacin: Mechanism

A

Binds GPCR, decreases cAMP, decrease hepatic secretion of VLDL

222
Q

Niacin: Net Effect

A

↑↑HDL, ↓TG

223
Q

Niacin: Indications

A

High cholesterol + TG, low HDL

224
Q

Niacin: Side Effects / Toxicities / Stuff to Know

A

Flushing, GI (ulcer), hepatitis, gout, hyperglycemia, DM, dry skin

225
Q

dobutamine: side effects

A

inflammatory eosinophilic myocarditis

226
Q

Rx for homozygous familial hyper lipidemia

A

Mipomerson: binds apoB mRNA
Lomitapide: prevents lipidations of ApoB

Expensive, risk of cirrhosis

Cardiology (8 decks)

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