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Pance Prep > Cardiology > Flashcards

Cardiology Flashcards

1
Q

Tx for stable bradycardia

A

observe and monitor

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2
Q

tx for unstable bradycardia

A

atropine

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3
Q

only 2 shockable rhythms

A

v. fib

pulseless V. tach

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4
Q

tx for wide QRS tachycardia

A

amiodarone
lidocaine
procainamide (WPW)

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5
Q

tx for narrow complex QRS tachycardia

A

adensosine

CCB/BB

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6
Q

tx for symptomatic motiz I

A

atropine

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7
Q

tx for mobitz 2

A

atropine

temporary pacing

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8
Q

tx for 3rd dregree heart block

A

permanent pacemaker

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9
Q

tx for atrial flutter

A

vagal
BB
CCB
definitive = ablation

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10
Q

rate control meds for a fib

A

BB
CCB
digoxin

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11
Q

rhythm control for atrial fib

A

defib
ablation
Meds = amiodarone

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12
Q

tx for paroxysmal supravent tachy (narrow vs wide)

A 
Narrow = vagals, adenosine
Wide = amio, procainamide (WPW)
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13
Q

WAP definition

A

HR <100

>3 P wave morphologies

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14
Q

MAT definition

A

HR >100

>3 P wave morphologies

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15
Q

WPW has a ___ wave which is an accessory pathway call the ______

A

delta

bundle of kent

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16
Q

Lown-ganong-levine syndrome is a (short/long) PR interval with ___ QRS complex

A

short

normal

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17
Q

AV junctional dysrhythmias have P waves that are __ or ___

A

inverted or not seen

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18
Q

brugada syndrome has sT elevations in V1-V3 that have a (downslope/upslope) pattern

A

downsloping

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19
Q

IV nitro and morphine are contraindicated in what 2 MIs

A

Inferior and Right sided

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20
Q

systolic HF has a __ gallop, diastolic has a ___ gallop

A

S3

S4

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21
Q

MC cause of acute pericarditis

TX?

A

viral (enteroviruses –> coxsackie, echovirus)

NSAIDs

22
Q

a pericardial knock should make you think of what?

A

contrictive pericarditis (sudden cessation of ventircular filling)

23
Q

MC cause of myocarditis (what medication?)

A

viral (enterovirus –> coxsackie, echovirus)

also: clozapine

24
Q

how do you dx myocariditis?

Tx?

A

bx

supportive (systolic HF meds), maybe IVIG

25
Q

MC cause of restrictive cadriomyopathy

A

amyloidosis

26
Q

___ causes rheumatic fever

27
Q

what is the major criteria for rheumatic fever

A 
J - joint (migratory polyarthritis) 
O - Oh my heart (carditis)
N - Nodules 
E - erythema marginatum 
S - sydenhams criteria
28
Q

tx for rheumatic HF

A

aspirin (maybe corticosteroids)
Pen G
Erythromycin is PCN allergic

29
Q

increased venous return (increases/decreases) all murmurs

Decreased venous return (increases/decreases) all murmurs

A

increase

decrease

30
Q

maneuvers to increase venous retun

A

squat, leg raise, lay down

31
Q

maneuvers to decrease venous retun

A

valsalva, stand

32
Q

inspiration increases (Left/right) murmurs

33
Q

expiration decreases (left/right murmurs)

34
Q

what murmurs increase with handgrip?

decrease?

A 
increase = AR, MR
decrease = AS, MVP, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
35
Q

what anti-HTN meds are best with gout pts

A 
CCB
losartan (doesnt cause hyperuricemia)
36
Q

1st line meds for HTN emergency if the EOD is primarily neuro

A

nicardipine

labetalol

37
Q

1st line meds for HTN emergency if the EOD is primarily cardio

38
Q

what valve and organism is MC involved in infective endocarditis

A

mitral

strep viridan

39
Q

what valve and organism is MC involves in IVD users

A

trisupid

stap aureus

40
Q

acute bacterial endocarditis is typically caused by ___ organism
Tx?

A

Staph aureus

naficillin + gentamicin

41
Q

subacute bacterial endocarditis is MC caused by what organism?
Tx?

A

strep viridans

PCN/ampicillin + gentamicin

42
Q

prosthetic valves with endocarditis are caused by what organism?
Tx?

A

staph aureus

Vancomycin + Gent + rifampin

43
Q

what meds are used for endocarditis prophylaxis?

PEN allerigic?

A

amoxicillin

clindamycin

44
Q

what is cilostazol used for?

A

intermittent caudication in peripheral arterial dz

45
Q

best initial test for AAA is ___. If it is a thoracic aneurysm use ___. ___ is gold standard

A

U/S
CT
angiography

46
Q

suspect ___ if pt is a smoker and has superficial migratory thrombophlebitis + distal extremity ischemia + raynauds phenomenon

Tx?

A

thromboangiitis obliterans

stop smoking
CCB for raynauds

47
Q

how long to tc a pt with DVT if..

  1. 1st event and cause is reversible or time-limited
  2. 1st idiopathic event
  3. pregnancy or malignancy related
A
  1. at least 3 mo
  2. minimum 3 months
  3. lifelong
48
Q

MOA = potentiates antithrombin III

49
Q

heparin antidote

A

protamine sulfate

50
Q

meds for postural hypotension

A

fludrocortisone

midodrine

Pance Prep (9 decks)

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