cardio vascular system study guide.

Question 1

define epicardium

Answer 1

outermost layer of the heart. it is thin, transparent layer composed of serous tissue and mesothelium

Question 2

define myocardium

Answer 2

the second layer of the wall of the heart, its cells fibers are involuntary striated and branched. the tissue of this layer is arranged in interlacing bundles and is the layer responsible for contraction of the heart

Question 3

define sulcus

Answer 3

a groove that separates the atria from the ventricles

Question 4

define superior vena cava

Answer 4

receives blood from the upper parts of they body

Question 5

define veins

Answer 5

have less elastic and smooth muscle than arteries but have more fibrous connective tissue. they also have internal valves to ensure blood flow in one direction

Question 6

define heart

Answer 6

it is the pumping organ of the system. functions in the transportation of blood

Question 7

define cords called the chordae tendinease

Answer 7

connects the pointed end of flaps or cusps to small conical projections called papillary

Question 8

define bicuspid valve

Answer 8

found between the left atrium and the left ventricle. it is made of three cusps or faps

Question 9

define inferior vena cava

Answer 9

receives blood from the lower parts of the body

Question 10

define bundle of HIS

Answer 10

group of fibers that carry electrical impulses through the center of the heart

Question 11

define coronary circulation

Answer 11

supplies the myocardium of the heart

Question 12

define cerebral circulation

Answer 12

the blood circulatory route that supplies the brain with oxygen and nutrients and disposes of waste.

Question 13

define lumen

Answer 13

the cavity or channel within a tube or tubular organ such as a blood vessel or the intestine

Question 14

define capillaries

Answer 14

microscopic vessels made of simple squamous epithelial cells, on cell layer thick, called endothelium. they connect arterioles with venules. permits the exchange of nutrients and oxygen and was and carbon dioxide between the blood and the tissue cells of the body

Question 15

define kidneys

Answer 15

right and left renal arteries go to the kidneys

Question 16

define hepatic portal vein

Answer 16

a vein conveying blood to the liver from the spleen, stomach, pancreas, and intestines

Question 17

define infarct

Answer 17

inadequate blood flow

Question 18

define stenosis

Answer 18

a narrowed opening through the valves. meaning they must work harder in order to pump blood

Question 19

define arrhythmia

Answer 19

any deviation from a normal heartbeat rhythm.

Question 20

define murmur

Answer 20

an abnormal heart sound akin to fluttering or a humming sound like a gentle blowing. it is indicative of a heart abnormality such as stenosis of a heart valve

Question 21

define angioplasty

Answer 21

the reconstruction of a diseased coronary artery by inserting a small balloon through the aorta and into a coronary artery.

Question 22

define mediastinum

Answer 22

membranous partition between two body cavities or two parts of an organ, especially between the lungs

Question 23

define valves

Answer 23

prevent blood from backflowing. the hart has two atrioventricular valves and two semilunar valves