cardio-vascular system Flashcards
Mr Steve Bath is 60 yr old and arrives with crushing central chest pain which started 45 minutes ago and has remained constant. He is diagnosed as having had a myocardial infarction.
It is thought that the cause of Mr Bath’s heart attack is a blockage in an already narrowed coronary artery. What is the most likely cause of the blockage?
An anaphylactic reaction.
A clot which formed in the pulmonary artery.
A leaky bicuspid valve.
An atheromatous plaque.
Macrophages which have triggered the production of anticoagulants.
An atheromatous plaque.
How is cardiac output calculated?
Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume x Peripheral Vascular Resistance
Cardiac Output = Blood Pressure x Peripheral Vascular Resistance
Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume x Heart Rate
Cardiac Output = Peripheral Vascular Resistance x Heart Rate
Cardiac Output = Blood Pressure x Heart Rate
Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume x Heart Rate
Shock is defined as “An acute circulatory crisis marked by hypotension and inadequate blood flow. Severe and potentially fatal symptoms develop as the tissues become starved of oxygen and nutrients”.
How has Mr Bath’s myocardial infarction led to circulatory failure?
Development of anaemia.
Kidney failure.
Reduced blood volume due to peripheral vasodilation.
Reduced blood volume due to haemorrhage.
Inadequate cardiac pumping.
Inadequate cardiac pumping.
Mr Bath is treated with a beta blocker (atenolol), this is a competitive antagonist. Which statement below describes an antagonist?
A drug with no affinity but efficacy.
A drug with neither affinity nor efficacy.
A drug with affinity but no efficacy
A drug with affinity and efficacy
None of the above.
A drug with affinity but no efficacy
Mr Bath has a BMI of 45kgm2. An increased body fat content predominantly affects which stage of pharmacokinetics
Metabolism
Absorption
Storage
Distribution
Excretion
Distribution
