Cardio tx

Question 1

Tx for endocarditis

Answer 1

IV vancomycin or ampicillin/sulbactam PLUS aminoglycoside

Prosthetic valve: Add rifampin

Question 2

Tx for angina?

For severe angina?

Answer 2

• Beta-blockers and nitroglycerin
• Severe: angioplasty and bypass

Question 3

Tx for NSTEMI (8)

Answer 3

• TX: Beta Blockers + NTG + aspirin and clopidogrel + heparin + ACEI + statins + reperfusion
• Reperfusion via percutaneous coronary intervention (not thrombolysis)
• Less time-sensitive than in STEMI

Question 4

tx for HF

Answer 4

Systolic= ACE+ BB + lasix

diastolic= ACE + BB or CCB

Question 5

Tx for hypertensive emergency

Answer 5

Sodium nitroprusside

Question 6

Tx for hypertensive urgency

Answer 6

Clonidine

Question 7

Tx for malignant HTN

Answer 7

Hydralazine

Question 8

tx for cardiogenic shock

Answer 8

Fluid resuscitation, pressors (dopamine), and treat the underlying cause

Question 9

Management of AAA

Answer 9

Surgical repair if > 5.5 cm or expands > 0.6 cm per year

Monitor annually if > 3 cm. Monitor every 6 months if > 4 cm

Beta-blockers

Question 10

Tx for phlebitis/thrombophlebitis

Answer 10

Symptomatic: NSAIDs, warm compress

Question 11

tx for aortic dissection (descending if no complications)

Answer 11

Esmolol, labetolol 1st line

Nitro if needed

(surgery if acute proximal or acute distal)

Question 12

tx for SAH

Answer 12

Supportive

Repair

Nimodipine w/in 4 days

Question 13

tx for acute angle closure glaucoma (4)

Answer 13

Acetazolamide IV

topical apraclonidine

topical timolol

topical pilocarpine

(can also use mannitol)

Question 14

tx for A-fib

Answer 14

Unstable: synchronized cardioversion

Stable: Rate control w/ Diltiazem, Metoprolol

Question 15

tx for dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 15

ACE/ARB

loop diuretics

BB- Bisoprolol, carvedilol, and metoprolol (NOT propanolol)

Question 16

Tx for WPW: stable vs unstable

Answer 16

Stable: vagal, Procainamide

Unstable: Synch. cardioversion

Question 17

Tx for MAT

Answer 17

Verapamil or BB