Cardio misc

Question 1

What is seen on EKG in prinzmetal angina

Answer 1

inverted U waves, ST-segment or T-wave abnormalities

Question 2

what is Becks triad

Answer 2

Cardiac tamponade=

D istant heart sounds, D istended jugular veins, and D ecreased arterial pressure

aka

Hypotension

muffled heart sounds

elevated neck veins (JVD)

Question 3

Pulsus paradoxus

EKG= electrical alternans

CXR= water bottle heart

Answer 3

cardiac tamponade

Question 4

kerley B lines on x-ray

Answer 4

CHF

Question 5

What are the 3 MCC of cardiogenic shock

Answer 5

1. Acute MI
2. HF
3. cardiac tamponade

Question 6

PE findings of what?

Hypotension (SBP <90 mmHg), cyanosis, cool extremities, altered mental status, crackles

↑ capillary wedge pressure > 15mm

Answer 6

cardiogenic shock

Question 8

Orthostatic hypotension

Drop of > ____ mm Hg systolic, ____ mmHg diastolic, ___ BPM increase in pulse 2-5 minutes after a change from supine to standing

Answer 8

20 Systolic

10 diastolic

15 BPM

Question 9

What are the 6 P’s of arterial emboli

Answer 9

P ain, P allor, P ulselessness, P aresthesia, P aralysis, P oikilothermia

Question 10

What 4 conditions are risk factors for SAH

Answer 10

Polycystic Kidney Disease, Marfan syndrome, coarctation of the aorta and fibromuscular dysplasia

Question 12

what chronic condition is MAT (multifocal atrial tachycardia) a/w

Answer 12

COPD

Question 13

What is the AAA triad

Answer 13

1. abdominal pain (Renal colic type sxs classic)
2. Hypotension
3. Pulsatile mass

(Syncope also common)

Question 14

What is a sign of exudative pleural effusion

Answer 14

pleural fluid LDH twice that of serum LDH

protein >0.5

Question 15

delta waves

Answer 15

WPW

(Delta waves, Wide QRS, Short PR)